Psych in Children

Question 1

ID criteria

Answer 1

• intellectual and adaptive deficits
• 2+ intelligence tests below average
• affect multiple domains, need support for ADLs
• onset during development

Question 2

Two genetic causes of ID

Answer 2

• Down Syndrome

- Fragile X

Question 3

1 preventable cause of ID

Answer 3

FAS

Question 4

1 inherited form of ID

Answer 4

Fragile X

Question 5

Three features FAS

Answer 5

1. growth retardation
2. CNS involvement
3. facial dysmorphology

Question 6

Age group diagnosed with global developmental delay

Answer 6

• patients under 5, reassess at later time

- patients over age 5= ID

Question 7

Specific Learning Disorder is often comorbid with ____.

Answer 7

ADHD

Question 8

Specific Learning Disorder Criteria

Answer 8

• impaired academic achievement at least 6 mos

- not better accounted for by ID or sensory deficits/ subpar education

Question 9

Sex most often affected by SLD

Answer 9

male

Question 10

List the four communication disorders:

Answer 10

• language disorder
• speech sound disorder
• childhood onset fluency disorder
• social pragmatic comm disorder

Question 11

Describe language disorder:

Answer 11

-difficulty acquiring and using language via many modalities (spoken, written, sign language)

Question 12

Childhood onset fluency disorder is aka?

Answer 12

-stuttering

Question 13

ADHD subtypes

Answer 13

1) predominantly inattentive
2) predominantly hyperactive
3) combined

Question 14

ADHD diagnostic criteria

Answer 14

• 6+ inattentive or hyperactive symptoms
• present 6+ months
• present in multiple domains (ie home and school)
• sx interfere with functioning, not due to other disorder
• onset before age 12

Question 15

Females w/ ADHD most often have which subtype?

Adults?

Answer 15

-inattentive, females + adults

Question 16

Environmental risks for ADHD

Answer 16

• smoking, alcohol in pregnancy
• LBW
• abuse and neglect

Question 17

MC comorbid disorders with ADHD

Answer 17

• ODD
• Conduct Disorder
• Specific Learning Disorder

Question 18

ADHD treatments:
1st line
2nd line

Answer 18

1) stimulants
2)atomoxetine, or a2 agonists
(note a2 agonists may also be used WITH stimulants)

Question 19

List a2 agonists used in treatment of ADHD

Answer 19

guanfacine

clonidine

Question 20

MOA atomoxetine

Answer 20

NE reuptake inhibitor

Question 21

DEFINITION ASD:

Answer 21

-impaired communication +restricted interests

Question 22

Sex most often diagnosed with ASD?

Answer 22

male: female 4:1

Question 23

Red flag for ASD

Answer 23

rapid deterioration of language skills during first two years of life

Question 24

Workup that should be done before diagnosing ASD

Answer 24

hearing function test

Question 25

Most common known single gene cause of ASD?

Other genetic causes?

Answer 25

Fragile X MC

Also: Retts, Downs, TS

Question 26

Conditions often comorbid with ASD

Answer 26

• ID

- epilepsy

Question 27

Medication prescribed in ASD

Answer 27

-low dose atypical antipsychotics
(risperidone, aripiprazole)
…. for aggression and irritability

Question 28

Tourette’s Criteria:

Answer 28

• Multiple motor and at least 1 vocal tic
• Present for at least 1 year
• Prior to age 18
• Not caused by substance or other condition

Question 29

Typical age of onset for Tourette’s

Answer 29

between 4-6

Question 30

Tourette’s is often comorbid with?

Answer 30

• OCD

- ADHD

Question 31

First and second line treatment for tics:

Answer 31

• 1: a2 agonists (guanfacine, clonidine)

- 2: atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, pimozide)

Question 32

Tic disorders in addition to tourettes:

Answer 32

• persistent chronic motor or vocal tic disorder

- provisional tic disorder (less than 1 year)

Question 33

ODD criteria

Answer 33

• 4+ symptoms present for 6 months with at least one individual who is not a sibling
• Behaviors must not occur exclusively with another mental disorder

Question 34

Two common comorbid disorders with ODD:

Answer 34

-