Psychosocial Development In Early Childhood

Question 0

Authoritarian Parenting

Answer 0

A style of childrearing characterised by a high degree of control, clarity if communication, nurturance, and appropriate demands according to the child’s level of maturity

Question 1

Androgyny

Answer 1

A tendency to integrate both masculine and feminine behaviours into the behavioural repertoire

Question 2

Authoritative Parenting

Answer 2

A style of childrearing characterised by a high degree of control, clarity of communication, nurturance, and appropriate demands according to the child’s level of maturity

Question 3

Constructive Play

Answer 3

A type of play that involves manipulation of physical objects to build or construct something

Question 4

Difficult Children

Answer 4

Children with a temperament typified by moodiness, intense reactions and a high need for attention

Question 5

Easy Children

Answer 5

Children with a temperament typified by calmness and expressiveness, who are outgoing, socially adept and learn behavioural rules easily

Question 6

Empathy

Answer 6

A sensitive awareness of the thoughts and feelings of another person

Question 7

Functional Play

Answer 7

Play involving simple, repetitive movements

Question 8

Games With Rules

Answer 8

Play involving relatively formal activities with fixed rules

Question 9

Gender Constancy

Answer 9

The understanding that one will always remain male or female

Question 10

Gender Role Schema

Answer 10

A cognitive framework that stores gender-based information

Question 11

Gender Typing

Answer 11

The process by which children acquire a set of gendered behaviours

Question 12

Hostile Aggression

Answer 12

Aggressive actions that directly or indirectly harm other people or things through physical assaultS, damage to property, verbal threats, teasing and undermining relationships

Question 13

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 13

Aggression that consists of negative acts that are directed at another person in order to secure something

Question 14

Initiative vs Guilt

Answer 14

The third crisis of development in Eriksons theory, in which children (3-6) resolve feelings of guilt through developing initiative, a sense of responsibility and purpose

Question 15

Permissive Parenting

Answer 15

A style of parenting in which parents make relatively few demands on their children but clearly communicate their warmth and interest and provide considerable care and nurturance

Question 16

Pretend Play

Answer 16

Play that substitutes imaginary situations for real ones. Also called fantasy or dramatic play

Question 17

Prosocial Behaviour

Answer 17

Refers to positive social actions that are directed towards other people rather than the self and that benefit others; such as sharing, reassuring, protecting, helping and cooperating, as well as giving affection and praise

Question 18

Slow-to-warm-up Children

Answer 18

Children with a temperament typified by shyness, cautiousness and hesitancy in social situations

Question 19

Uninvolved Parenting

Answer 19

A style of parenting in which parents avoid childrearing responsibilities, placing more emphasis on their own needs