Psychosocial Development Flashcards
Psychosocial Development
Assumes development is a process of increasing complexity. concerned with the content of developement the important issues people face as their lives profess:
Who am I? How do I define myself? How will I engage in relationships with others? What will I do with my life?
Resolving Developmental Tasks (or crisises)
Disequillibrium
anxiety associated with crisis, creates a need within the individual to do something about it
Challenge and Support
An optimal balance of “challenge and “support in the environment facilitates resolution
Sanford
Successful resolution = development
inadequate resoluation = stress, inappropriate behavior, negative self-image, and future crisis
Multiple Demensions of Identity
Model
Jones and McEwen (2000)
Our core is teh essence of who we are- the thing most people rarely get to see. Around the core is our identity.
Identity Demensions are race, class, gender, sexual orientation- things that are easy to see and capture.
They are always moving and influx. The closer the identity dimension is to their core, the more salient this core is to who they are. Shifting salence can ahppen at different times and contexts. Salience of an idenity demension can be heavily influeced by contextual/environemnal factors.
*The lack of salience could be becuase of privilege in your context. *
Identity Intersection
Social Construction of Identity
Social, cultural expectations and environmental norms influence the ways in which individuals will seek to resolve the crises they are facing
Identity is associated with a group and it is significance, such as race- susceptible to privilege and oppression
Identities that are socially negotiated and have a set of meanings and assumptions that are socially prescribed
Chckering’s Seven Vectors
Major Highways- for development towards individuation
’ each seems to ahve direction and magnitue - even though the direction may be expressed to have direction and magnitude
1960’s research of mainly white males
- Developign Competence
- Managing Emotions
- Moving through Autonomy toward Interdependence
- Developing mature interpersonal relationships
- Establishing Identity
- Developing Purpose
- Developing Integrity - congruece
Vector 1
Developing Competence
three pronged- intellectual, phsyical, and interpersonal - a sense of competance ‘in the handle of the pitch fork’ stems from teh cofnicdent that one can cope with shat comes and achieve goals successfully
Vector 2
Managing Emotions
develop the ability to recognize and accept emtions, as well as appropriately express adn control them. learning to act onfeelingsina responsible manner.
Vector 3
Moving Through Autonomy toward Interdependence
Increased emotional independence, which is defined as freedom from coninual and pressing needs for eassurance, affection, or approval from others.
instrumental independence
with awareness of their interconnectedness with others!
Vector 4
Developing Mature Interpersonal Realtionships
development of intercultural and interpersonal tolerance and appreciation of idfferences, as well as the capacity for helathy and lasting intimate relationships with partners and close friends
ability to accept individuals for who they are, to respect differences, and to apprecaite commonalities
Vector 5
Establishing Identity
builds on previous vectors
comfor tiwth: body, appreaance, gender, sexual orientaiton, on’es social and cutlural heritage, a clear self-concept, on’es roles and lifestyle,
a secure sense of self in lgiht of feedback from significant others, self-acceptance, self-esteem, and personal ability and intergration
Vector 6
Developing Purpose
developing clear vocational goals, making meaningful commitment to specific personal interest and activities, establishing strong interpersonal commitments
intentioanlly makingand staying with decisions, even in the face of opposition
vocation- broadly refers to paid or unapid work within the context of a specific areer, or a person’s life calling
lifestyle and family influences affects this
Vector 7
Developing Integrity
three sequential but overlapping stages
humanizing values- interests of others is balanced with own interests
personalizing values- established in which core values are consciously affrimed adn the beliefs of others are acknowledged and other’s beliefs are respected
developing congruence- values and actions become congruent adn authentic as self-interest is balanced by a sense of social responsibility
Marcia’s Four Ego Identity Statuses
James Marcia - 1966
grounded in Erikson- crisis of identity development
two critical variables in identity foramation
EXPLORATION- CRISIS- questioning of valuesadn gaols, weighing alternatives, seek out trusted people, do research,
COMMITMENT- attaching ownership to pronounced choices, values, and goals
ways of balancing exploration with commitment
Foreclosure,
Moratorium
Identity Achiement
Diffusions
Structural lens- related to identity as the refrence point for responding to life- identity is cumulative
Phenomenological lens- extent to which identity is shaped by others versus by shape- qualitative experiences that faciliate identity
Behavoiral lens- how others view a person’s identity as demonstrated by the person’s behavoir
