Gender Identity Development

Question 1

Sex

Answer 1

a biological concept; observed at birth

Question 2

Gender

Answer 2

internal sense of self as a man, woman, or in between

Socially constructed and binary

Question 3

Gender Identity

Answer 3

how one expresses or “performs” gender
masculine
feminine

Question 4

Transgender

Answer 4

gender identity does not align with biological sex

Question 5

Cisgender

Answer 5

gender identity aligns with biological sex observed at birth

Question 6

Genderism

Answer 6

requiring all members to express gender in ways that align with their observed biological sex; those who do not conform are subject to harassment, alienation, and violence

Question 7

Harris’ Conceptual Model of College Men’s Gender Identity Development

Answer 7

in comparison to college women, college men are…

To examine college men’s gender identities across a variety of social group identities and college experiences.
Empirical insight into the gender-related challenges and experiences of undergraduate college men.

To understand the campus environmental factors that influenced college men’s gender identity development.

To propose a “grounded theory” of men’s identity development in college.

Identify effective strategies for supporting the development and the achievement of successful outcomes for college men.

Question 8

Josselson’s Theory of Women’s Identity Development

Answer 8

Based on Marcia and Erikson
exploration and commitment (Marcia)
predicted on both “internal dynamics” and the external environment (Erikson)
4 identity states

Foreclosure- committed to an identity without experiencing crisis

Diffusion- marked by a lack of crisis and commitment; severe conflict in identity

Moratorium- in a constant state of crisis and exploration for new identities

Achievement- marked by commitment to a new identity (different from assigned childhood identity) after critical questioning and exploration

Question 9

Bilodeau’s Development of Transgender Identity

Answer 9

Exiting a traditionally gendered identity
Developing a personal transgender identity
Developing a transgender social identity
Becoming a transgender offspring
Developing a transgender intimacy status
Entering a transgender community