Psychosocial Development Flashcards
American-German Developmental Psychologist
Born on June 15, 1902, in Frankfurt, Germany
Held teaching positions at the University
of California at Berkeley, Yale, the San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute, Austen Riggs Centre, and the Centre for Advanced Studies of the Behavioural Sciences
His theory of Psycho-Soc Social Development gives rise to the interest and research on human development through the lifespan.
“Hope is both the earliest and the most indispensable |
virtue inherent in the state of being alive. If life is to be |
sustained hope must remain, even where confidence is
wounded, trust impaired.”
Erik Erikson
Each stage in _______________ paves the way for the
next stage, with each stage having
certain challenges or conflicts. The
challenges stage lead to the person
either successfully developing a
positive quality or failing and
developing a negative quality. If the
person succeeds in the conflict,
they develop a psychological
strength that will serve them for
the rest of their life, while failure
can lead to a lack of skills or a weak
sense of self.
Psychosocial development
BIRTH-18 MONTHS INFANCY
Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
Infants must receive consistent care and
if their needs are not met consistently, they
will develop mistrust, withdrawal and even
anxiety.
Success in this stage will help the child
develop the virtue of hope, wherein if a crisis
may arise in the future, they know they will
have support around them.
Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
The second stage happens when the caregiver allows their children to do simple tasks like walking
without the help of a caregiver and showing their support each time the child falls. The child will have a higher chance of developing self control and physical skills, and sense of Independence without losing self esteem.
STAGE 2: Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
2-3 YEARS EARLY CHILDHOOD
STAGE 2: Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
3-5 YEARS PRESCHOOL
STAGE 3: Initiative vs Guilt
During this stage, children’s curiosity
begins to increase, and they would tend to ask
more questions. If parents show annoyance in
answering these or even push their children
away, their guilt will further escalate.
Major Question: While guilt is a negative emotion, it helps “Am good or bad?”
balance out a child’s ego and will help them
understand that they should exercise selfcontrol, where everything and everyone has
their limits.
STAGE 3s Initiative vs Guilt
6-11 YEARS SCHOOL AGE
STAGE 4: Industry vs Inferiority
This age focuses on the child’s development of
their competency. Peers are their circle of influence
and support, and they will try to find a way to feel
validated within them by practicing certain abilities
that society values.
If they are encouraged and their initiatives are
reinforced with positive feedback, they will feel
competent and proud of their new abilities to find
and achieve goals.
STAGE 4: Industry vs Inferiority
12 - 18 YEARS ADOLESCENCE
STAGE 5: Identity vs Confusion
Adolescents begin to explore their identities
further, experimenting with different lifestyles to
find what they feel most comfortable with. During
this stage, they will start to look more into their
futures as they are nearing adulthood.
This stage is characterized by the
adolescent question of “Who am I,”
during which time they are conflicted with dozens of values and ideas of who they should be and what they should ;
think.
STAGE 5: Identity vs Confusion
19 - 40 YEARS
YOUNG ADULTHOOD
STAGE 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
This stage focuses on the conflict of being able
to form intimate relationships with others. People
begin to look for long-term relationships with
people that are not family members.
Success in this stage results in happy
relationships with care and security, and the virtue
of love. Failure leads to isolation and loneliness.
STAGE 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
40 - 65 YEARS
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
STAGE 7: Generativity vs Stagnation
