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Mental Health > Psychosis and Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Psychosis and Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What is a psychotic episode?

A

When an individual experiences a different reality to the rest of the world/people around you

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2
Q

How long can a psychotic episode last?

A

Anything from days to months

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3
Q

How do psychotic episodes begin?

A

Can begin quickly or gradually

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4
Q

Do patients have insight in a psychotic episode?

A

No

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5
Q

How do pts experiencing a psychotic episode present?

A

Usually via the police, a CPN/other community MH professional, or by concerned family member

Basically not usually via the GP

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6
Q

What 4 key things are part of a psychotic episode?

A

Hallucinations
Delusions
Formal Thought Disorder
Disorders of self

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7
Q

What is it important to find out with a psychotic patient?

A

If the cause is organic or functional

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8
Q

What organic problems can cause a psychotic episode?

A 
Dementia
Delerium
Infections
Endocrine disturbance
Temperal lobe epileps
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9
Q

Define schizophrenia

A

Disorder/group of disorders characterised by psychotic epiodes (positive symptoms) and negative symptoms

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of functioning psychosis?

A

Schizophrenic
Manic
Depressive

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11
Q

What are the three patterns to psychotic episodes that a person can experience?

A
  • One off
  • Recurrent episodes with normal periods in between
  • Episode(s) -> personality changes and recurrent episodes
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12
Q

What is the prevalence of schizophrenia?

A

1% of general population

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13
Q

Which demographic groups is schizophrenia more common in?

A

Afro-caribbean
Identical twins
Users of illicit drugs

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14
Q

What essentially is a psychosis?

A

Experiencing a different reality to everyone else, and unaware that what they are experiencing is abnormal.

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15
Q

Define a delusion

A

Fixed firmly held belief in things which are not true, and go against the persons own (usual) beliefs

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16
Q

What kinds of delusions can a person experience?

A

Guilt, erotomanic, grandiose, persecutory, hypochondriacal, and delusions of reference

17
Q

Define a delusion of guilt.

A

Patient feels great amounts of guilt at minor things they may have done

18
Q

Define a erotomanic delusion

A

Belief that people are in love with you

19
Q

Define a grandiose delusion

A

Belief that you are a very importnt/famous person e.g. royalty or Christ

20
Q

Define a persecutory delusion

A

The belief that people are persecuting you/out to get you

21
Q

Define a hypochondriacal delusion

A

The belief that they have a terrible illness

22
Q

Define a delusion of reference

A

Believing that every day events have some massive significance, blowing coincidences out of proportion

23
Q

Define a hallucination

A

Perception in the absence of external stimulus

24
Q

What are the most commonly experienced hallucinations?

A

Auditory and tactile

25
Q

What is thought broadcasting?

A

Thinking that everyone can hear your thoughts

26
Q

What is thought insertion?

A

Thinking that other people’s thoughts are becoming implanted in your brain, thoughts/dreams are not your own

27
Q

What kind of symptoms will pts with schizophrenia experience?

A

Positive and negative symptoms, occuring sometimes at the same time and sometimes not

28
Q

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Delusions, hallucinations, formal thought disorder, disorders of self (thought insertion/withdrawal)

29
Q

What are the negative symtpoms of schizophrenia?

A

Lack of will and interest
Social isolation
Living in their own world

30
Q

How long must a pt have had symptoms to diagnose schizophrenia? How many symptoms?

A

1 month/28 days

One or more clear cut, or 2+ mild positive symptoms, or one or more with a negative symptom

31
Q

What should all schizophrenia pts have done?

A

A risk assessment. Stupid question really, should do a risk assessment in all psych patients.

32
Q

If a pt is low risk, where should we refer them?

A

Psychosis service

33
Q

Who starts antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenics?

A

Consultant psychiatrist

34
Q

What is first line for treatment of achizophrenia?

A

Try on a course of oral antipsychotics and offer CBT

35
Q

How do antipsychotics work?

A

Block function of dopamine receptors, as well as other receptors

36
Q

What are the 2 types of antipsychotic?

A

Typical and atypical/1st gen and 2nd gen

37
Q

What are the typical antipsychotics?

A

Haloperidol
Chlorpromazine
Piperazine

Mental Health (17 decks)

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