Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3a psychiatry > Psychosis and schizophrenia > Flashcards

Psychosis and schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What is psychosis

A

an acute mental health state, resulting in disrupted thoughts and perceptions and loss of contact with reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give 5 differentials for psychosis

A
  • schizophrenia
  • drug and alcohol abuse - cannabis, amphetamines
  • steroid induced psychosis
  • neurological disorders - Parkinson’s, Huntington’s
  • bipolar disorder
  • puerperal psychosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give 4 features of psychosis

A
  • hallucinations
  • delusional
  • thought disorganisation - clanging, word salad
  • agitation
  • self-harm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define a delusion

A

Fixed, strange or irrational belief, which is firmly held, and out of context for the individuals cultural background.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

State and describe 3 different types of delusion

A
  • Delusions of grandeur – exaggerated ideas of importance – e.g. belief they are an important historical figure
  • Paranoia – e.g. belief in a plot against them
  • Somatic – belief that they have a terrible incurable illness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a hallucination

A

A sensory perception – which can be auditory, visual, touch or smell based – without an obvious real-world stimulus
* e.g. hearing voices, seeing figures which aren’t present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is schizophrenia

A

chronic mental health disorder characterised by psychosis and Impairment of perception and thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 3 RFs for schizophrenia

A
  • FHx - strongest
  • substance misuse - cannabis, amphetamines
  • traumatic childhood events
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the prodrome period that may precede ‘true’ schizophrenic symptoms

A
  • loss of interest
  • social withdrawal
  • depression
  • anxiety
    classified if symptoms last over 6 months
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the most common type of auditory hallucination in schizophrenia

A

third person
may be single/ multiple voices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are Schneider’s First Rank Symptoms of Schizophrenia

A
  • auditory hallucinations - mc
  • thought disorders (withdrawal, insertion and broadcasting)
  • delusional perception
  • passivity phenomenon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a delusional perception

A

occurs when the patient experiences an ordinary and unremarkable perception that triggers a sudden, often self-related delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Passivity phenomena

A
  • believe their bodily sensations being controlled by external influence
  • actions/impulses/feelings - experiences which are imposed on the individual or influenced by others
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Apart from the first rank symptoms, give some other features of schizophrenia

A
  • impaired insight
  • negative symptoms
  • thought form - word salad, neologism, circumstantiality
  • catatonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give 4 negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A
  • Affective flattening (incongruity/blunting of affect) - minimal emotional reaction
  • Alogia - reduced speech
  • anhedonia - lack on interest in activities
  • avolition - lack of motivation in life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is schizophrenia diagnosed

A

DSM-5/ ICD-11
* 2 or more of the following present for at least one month, for most days and have some level of disturbance for 6m
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Disorganised thinking
- Negative symptoms
- Grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour

17
Q

How is schizophrenia managed

A
  • psychological therapies - CBT, early intervention, family therapy
  • social support
  • 1st line: oral atypical antipsychotics
  • 2nd: switch to another antipsychotic
  • if 2 other antipsychotics have not been effective consider clozapine
18
Q

Why are atypical antipsychotics recommended over typical ones in the treatment of schizophrenia

A

significant reduction in extrapyramidal side-effects.

19
Q

How may antipsychotics be administered if there’s a compliance issue

A

depot every 2-4 weeks

20
Q

Name 2 antipsychotics that can be given via depot in the treatment of schizophrenia

A
  • aripiprazole
  • risperidone
21
Q

Non-auditory hallucination can occur in schizophrenia but are most common in which type of conditions

A

organic conditions

22
Q

Give 5 factors associated with poor prognosis of schizophrenia

A
  • strong family history
  • gradual onset
  • low IQ
  • prodromal phase of social withdrawal
  • lack of obvious precipitant
23
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder

A

combines the symptoms of schizophrenia with bipolar disorder. Patients have psychosis and symptoms of depression and mania

24
Q

What is a pseudohallucination

A

false sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli when the affected is aware that they are hallucinating

3a psychiatry (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions