psychiatric emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
What is serotonin syndrome
A
high synaptic concentration of serotonin
2
Q
What causes serotonin syndrome
A
caused by multiple drugs, mc co-administration of antidepressants
* SSRI/ SNRI
* TCA
* MAOi
* Lithium
3
Q
Describe the classic triad of serotonin syndrome
A
- neuromuscular abnormalities - hyperreflexia, muscle rigidity, tremor, clonus
- altered mental state - agitation, confusion
- autonomic dysfunction - HTN, hyperthermia, tachycardia
4
Q
How is serotonin syndrome managed
A
Medical emergency if severe
* stop causative drugs
* supportive treatment - IV fluids
* benzodiazepines
* 5HT2 antagonist - cyproheptadine or chlorpromazine
5
Q
What causes acute dystonic syndrome
A
typical antipsychotics
6
Q
Give 4 symptoms of acute dystonic syndrome
A
sustained muscle contraction
* eyes - oculogyric crisis
* neck - torticollis (twisted)
* jaw - mouth open
* pain and distress
7
Q
How is acute dystonic syndrome managed
A
IM procyclidine 5-10mg
