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STATES - MENTAL HEALTH > Psychosis > Flashcards

Psychosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Psychosis

A

Psychosis is an umbrella term for several disorders, including schizophrenia

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2
Q

What two main things does psychosis affect

A

Interpretation and perception

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3
Q

What can cause psychosis

A

Substance abuse
Trauma
Medical Conditions
Genetics
Environment

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4
Q

Medical conditions that can cause psychosis

A

Brain tumour
Epilepsy
Delirium
Dementia
Encephalitis
Head injury

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5
Q

Positive symptoms of psychosis

A

Delusions
Hallucination
Disorganised speech and response
Agression, agitation

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6
Q

Negative symptoms of psychosis

A

Flat/inappropriate affect
Poor eye contact
Avolition
Withdrawal
Poverty of speech
Poor ADLS
Severely disturbed relationships

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7
Q

Hallucinations can include

A

-Seeing things that others dont (visual)
-Experiencing tastes, smells, sensations that have no apparent cause (gustatory, olfactory, tactile)
-Hearing voices that others dont (auditory)

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8
Q

Schizophrenia

A

-Abrupt onset
-Presence of acute and resolvable life stressor
-Family HX of affective disturbance
-Florid symptoms
-Absence of blunted affect

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9
Q

Subtypes of schizophrenia

A

-Paranoid
-Disorganised
-Catatonic
-Undifferentiated
-Residual

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10
Q

Related disorders confused with schizophrenia

A

-Schizoaffective disorder
-Acute and Transient psychotic disorder
-Schizotypal personality disorder
-Persistent delusional disorder

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11
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics used

A

Risperidone
Olanzapine
Quetiapine
Clozapine
Aripiprazole

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12
Q

Typical Antipsychotics used

A

-Haloperidol
-Chlorpromazine
-Stelazine
-Thioridazine
-Flupenazine

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13
Q

Possible adverse effects of antipsychotics

A

-Tardive Dyskinesia
-Akathisia
-Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
-Acute dystonic reaction
-Pariksonism effects

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14
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A

a movement disorder: uncontrollable, abnormal and repetitive movements of face, torso, and other body parts

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15
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

A life threatening reaction to antipsychotic drugs causing: a change in mental state, fever, muscle rigity, autonomic dysfunction

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16
Q

Akathisia

A

Inability to remain still - psychomotor restlessness

17
Q

Acute dystonic reaction

A

Involuntary contractions of muscles in extremeties, face, neck, abdomen, pelvis or larynx

18
Q

Parkinsonism effects

A

-shaking
-stiffness
-off balance + coordination

19
Q

Metabolic syndrome characteristics

A

-Visceral obesity
-Insulin resistance
-Hypertension
-Low HDL Cholestrol
-High Triglycerides

20
Q

Relationship between antipsychotics and metabolic syndrome

A

Atypical antipsychotics increase the risk of hyperglycaemia and impaired glucose levels, therefore increase risk of metabolic syndrome

21
Q

Interventions

A

De-escalation
Self help
Mindfulness
Goal setting
CBT
Strength drawing - recovery focus
Liasion with services across MDT

22
Q

Grounding techniques

A

Validation
Re-orientation to the here and now
Identify feelings and their intensity
Triggers

23
Q

Problematic coping

A

-Alcohol and drugs
-Over reliance on prescription medication (sleeping pills, pain relief)
-Interpersonal conflict
-Avoidance/Withdrawal from society
-Self harm, violence, suicide

24
Q

What sections of the MHA cover compulsory treatment

A

Sections 11 or 13

25
Q

Mechanism of action - Atypical Antipsychotics

A

Serotonin-dopamine antagonist. Low affinity to D2 receptor, High affinity to 5-HT2a. Thus less adverse effects

26
Q

Mechanism of action - Typical antipsychotic

A

D2 antagonist. High affinity to D2 receptor

27
Q

Paranoid Schizoprenia

A

Paranoid behaviour causing delusions and auditory hallucinations

28
Q

Disorganised Schizoprenia

A

behaviours that are disorganised, speech that is bizarre or difficult to understand

29
Q

Catatonic Schizoprenia

A

Varies between being elevated and repetitive to immobile, quiet and progressing to muscle rigidity and inability to care for self (severe)

30
Q

Residual Schizoprenia

A

Past HX of at least 1 episode of schizophrenia but has no current symptoms

31
Q

Undifferentiated Schizoprenia

A

Behaviour that fits into two or more types of schizophrenia

STATES - MENTAL HEALTH (6 decks)

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