Psychopharmacology Flashcards
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertraline
Citalopram
Escitalopram
Side effects of SSRIs
Sexual dysfunction, drowsiness, weight gain, insomnia
Side effect specific to citalopram
QT prolongation
At high doses
Uses for SSRIs?
Antidepressant
Anxiolytic
OCD
Frontotemporal dementia (even without depression)
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRI)
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
Side effects of SNRIs
Less sexual dysfunction and weight gain than SSRIs
Stomach issues
What disease can duloxetine be used for?
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Imipramine
Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline
Side effects of TCAs
Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth)
Anti-histaminergic effect (sedation, weight gain)
Insomnia
QT prolongation
Sexual dysfunction
Which TCA is least likely to cause weight gain and sedation?
Nortriptyline
Relatively weak H1 receptor blockade
Atypical antidepressants
Bupropion
Trazodone
Mirtazapine
Side effects of bupropion
Insomnia, headache, tremor, weight loss
Does have a risk to abuse
What is a major concern for bupropion in a neurologic setting?
Can increase risk of seizures
Lower seizure threshold
Besides depression, what else can bupropion be used for?
Smoking cessation
Side effects of trazadone
Drowsiness, sexual disfunction, dizziness with minimal anticholinergic effects
What is trazadone generally used for?
Insomnia
What is mirtazepine?
Defined as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA)
Side effects of mirtazepine
Increased appetite
Drowsiness
May be helpful for those with insomnia
What is the MOA of lithium?
Unknown
What is lithium used for?
Bipolar disorder
Side effects of lithium
Tremor
Sedation
Weight gain
Acne
Heart block
Polyuria
Decreased cognition
Incoordination
What can increase the risk of lithium toxicity?
Dehydration
High salt diet,
Certain medications (NSAIDs, thiazides, ACE inhibitors)
How does lithium toxicity present?
AMS
Seizures
Acute renal failure
Which meds are the typical antipsychotics?
Haloperidol
Thioridazine
Fluphenazine
Chlorpromazine
Which meds are the atypical antipsychotics?
Olanzapine
Clozapine
Quetiapine
Risperidone
Ziprasidone
All antipsychotics have a small increased risk of death when used in patients with ___.
Dementia
MOA of typical antipsychotics
Antagonism of the D2 receptor in the mesolimbic pathway
Also acts on a1 adrenergic, cholinergic and histaminergic receptors
Side effects of typical antipsychotics
Hypotension, dizziness and drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and weight gain
Higher risk of developing extrapyramidal symptoms
