Psychopharm

Question 1

what 4 pathways do antipsychotics affect?

Answer 1

Mesolimbic: activation = positive symptoms (too much DA)

Mesocortical: hypo-function = negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms (too little DA)

Nigrostrial: motor pathway, reduced DA= neurological SE

Tuberinfundibular: DA inhibits production prolactin. Too much DA = decrease fertility

Question 2

what 4 pathways do antipsychotics affect?

Answer 2

Mesolimbic: activation = positive symptoms (too much DA)

Mesocortical: hypo-function = negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms (too little DA)

Nigrostrial: motor pathway, reduced DA= neurological SE

Tuberinfundibular: DA inhibits production prolactin. Too much DA = decrease fertility

Question 3

typical antipsychotics (1st gen)

Answer 3

D2R antagonist

• effective against + symptoms, cause neurological SE
• DA hyp: reduced mesolmbic activity = decrease + symptoms

Question 4

atypical antipsychotics

Answer 4

D2R and 5-HTR antagonist (block DA more than Ser)
effective against + and - symptoms

metabolic SE

Question 5

Typical Antidepressants

Answer 5

1. MAOI- inhibits degradation SER/NE. old ones not selective, risk of hypertension if eat tyramine, now selective for MAO-A. safer

TCAs- prevent SER/NE reuptake by inhibiting transporters
- many SE, not selective
se= arrhtymia, sedation, weight gain, hypotension…

SSRIS- inhibit SERT
- fewer SE, 1st line of defense
se=nausea, headache, drowsy, sex dysfxn

SNRIS- INHIBIT SERT AND NET, similar SSRI SE

Question 6

typical antipsychotics (1st gen)

Answer 6

D2R antagonist

• effective against + symptoms, cause neurological SE
• DA hyp: reduced mesolmbic activity = decrease + symptoms

Question 7

atypical antipsychotics

Answer 7

D2R and 5-HTR antagonist (block DA more than Ser)
effective against + and - symptoms

metabolic SE

Question 8

Typical Antidepressants

Answer 8

1. MAOI- inhibits degradation SER/NE. old ones not selective, risk of hypertension if eat tyramine, now selective for MAO-A. safer

TCAs- prevent SER/NE reuptake by inhibiting transporters
- many SE, not selective
se= arrhtymia, sedation, weight gain, hypotension…

SSRIS- inhibit SERT
- fewer SE, 1st line of defense
se=nausea, headache, drowsy, sex dysfxn

SNRIS- INHIBIT SERT AND NET, similar SSRI SE

Question 9

atypical AD

Answer 9

buproprion- inhibit NET + DAT

mirtazapine= block alpha and 5-htr receptors

trazodone- block 5htr, inhibit SERT

Question 10

curent limitations

Answer 10

existing antipsychotics cannot provide full recovery, only manage some symptoms, disease heterogeneity, how neuro abnormalities link behaviour