Psychopathy, Antisocial Personality Disorder and offending behaviour- Part 3. Flashcards
What is ASPD sometimes called?
Is there treatment for ASPD?
What does it overlap with?
What will you not find in the DSM?
What distinguishes them both?
Sociopathy.
No.
Psychopathy- think of the severity of traits.
Psychopathy as a mental disorder- is a severe form of ASPD.
Factor 1 of PCL-R.
When diagnosing an individual with ASPD, what needs to be there?
Need to be atleast 18 + had a diagnosis of CD earlier in life.
Human and financial costs of CD and ASPD:
How are ASPD adults a burden to society?
How are the children a burden to society?
How are the adolescences a burden to society?
Do not work, harm others and have mental health problems.
Disrupt schooling + bullying.
Use drugs + alcohol + commit crimes.
Lifetime prevalence of ASPD and CD:
How much men have ASPD?
How much women have ASPD?
Were would you find this also?
What are both ASPD and CD associated with?
- 5 to 6.5%.
- 8 to 2.5%.
Prison population.
Low socioeconomic status.
Sex differences in CD/ASPD:
Who would get CD/ASPD later in childhood/adolescence?
Who present less aggressive behaviour?
What type of aggression do females tend to engage in?
What type of aggression do males tend to engage in?
What do females with CD/ASPD do in comparison to the normative population?
What are their offspring at high risk of having?
Females.
Females.
Relational (verbal) aggression.
Physical aggression.
Give birth at a young age.
Conduct problems.
What kind of diagnosis can those with ASPD also have?
In secure mental health unit, what was the most common comorbid or secondary diagnoses?
Psychopathy.
Schizophrenia, psychosis and ASPD.
CD/ASPD – Heterogeneous Population:
What do half of boys and girls with CD have?
What do those with CD have?
What are they more likely to develop?
Is substance use a big issue?
High levels of callous-unemotional traits.
Earlier exposure to alcohol and illicit drugs.
Substance use disorders- remains throughout adulthood.
Yes.
CD/ASPD – Heterogeneous Population:
What can boys and girls with CD also have?
What 4 things is the comorbidity of ADHD and CD associated with?
ADHD.
1) Early age of conduct problems.
2) Aggressive behaviour.
3) Antisocial behaviour- throughout life.
4) Lower verbal and social cognitive abilities + issues with peers.
CD/ASPD – Heterogeneous Population:
What is another cormorbidity with CD?
What do children with CD and comorbid ADs have more than those with CD alone?
Do half of the adults with ASPD meet the criteria for at least one AD?
Anxiety disorders (ADs).
Severe externalizing symptoms- things like unstable emotionality + aggressive behaviour.
Yes.
CD/ASPD – Heterogeneous Population:
What are children with CD more likely to have?
How much more likely are ASPD patients to have depression than the general population?
Depression.
3 times more likely.
CD/ASPD – Heterogeneous Population:
What else is comorbid with ASPD?
What can half of those who had CD at 15 also have?
BPD.
Schizophreniform disorders.
Look at slide 14.
Only move on when you have understood it (understand all the text under it).
Relationship between CD/ASPD and Criminality:
What is there a strong relationship between?
Where do majority of people show ASPD?
Between CD, ASPD and criminality.
Prison.
Continuation from the relationship between CD/ASPD and Criminality:
What do half of those with ASPD engage in?
When can violence increase?
Violence.
When intoxicated.
Neural Abnormalities in Individuals with CD/ASPD Puzzo, et al. ( 2016):
What are brain imaging studies of children with CD more likely to identify?
Are these not confounded by drug and alcohol misuse?
What was found?
What are these involved in?
Abnormalities specifically associated with ASPD.
Yes.
CD deficits in cortical and subcortical brain regions.
- Emotion recognition + regulation.
- Empathy.
- Reward + punishment processing.
- Decision making.
