>psychopathology - depression - characteristics Flashcards

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1
Q

what is meant by depression?

A

-classed as a mood disorder meaning that it leads to changes in mood
-not just simply ‘feeling sad’
-according to the DSM, for a diagnosis of depression, you need to have atleast 5 symptoms

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2
Q

according to DSM, what are the symptoms of depression?

A

-depressed mood, most of the day, nearly everyday
-markedly diminished interest/pleasure in all/most activities, most of the day, nearly every day
-weight loss/gain not due to dieting, or increased/decreased appetite, nearly everyday
-fatigue/loss of energy, nearly everyday
-slowing down of thought + decreased physical movement (observable by others not just on subjective tiredness/slowing down)
-diminished ability to think/concentrate or indecisiveness, nearly all day
-feelings of worthlessness/excessive inappropriate guilt, nearly every day

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3
Q

3 main characteristics of depression?

A

-behavioural
-emotional
-cognitive

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4
Q

behavioural characteristics?

A

-activity levels, low -> withdrawing from social events, jobs due to low motivation, high -> eg psychomotor agitation
-sleep, insomnia (lack), hypersomnia (chronic fatigue)
-eating habits, loss/gain in weight though not dieting, or decrease/increase in appetite
-aggression, lash out due to feelings of irritation, lead to verbal/physical aggression

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5
Q

emotional characteristics?

A

-low mood, feelings of emptiness/sadness, must have sadness/loss of interest/pleasure in normal activities to be diagnosed
-anger, directed at themselves/towards others
-low self esteem, sufferers may dislike themselves + feelings of self loathing

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6
Q

cognitive characteristics?

A

-poor concentration, difficulty staying on task, focusing, and making decisions
-negative thoughts, eg negative self concept, often may view the world negatively + expect things to turn out badly -> self fulfilling prophecy, cognitive biases -> tending to dwell on negatives more than positives

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