psychopathology Flashcards
What is the definition of psychopathology?
The study of mental disorders and abnormal behaviors.
True or False: Psychopathology only includes severe mental illnesses.
False
What are the four key criteria for determining abnormality?
Statistical rarity, deviation from social norms, failure to function adequately, and deviation from ideal mental health.
Fill in the blank: The DSM stands for ______.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What is the main purpose of the DSM?
To provide standardized criteria for the classification of mental disorders.
Which psychological perspective focuses on unconscious processes?
Psychodynamic perspective
What is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?
A treatment approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions and behaviors through cognitive restructuring.
True or False: Anxiety disorders are characterized solely by excessive worry.
False
What is the difference between a phobia and a fear?
A phobia is an irrational and intense fear that leads to avoidance behavior.
What does the term ‘comorbidity’ refer to?
The occurrence of two or more disorders in the same individual.
Which disorder is characterized by a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest?
Major depressive disorder
What is the role of neurotransmitters in psychopathology?
They are chemicals that transmit signals in the brain and can influence mood and behavior.
Fill in the blank: The ______ model emphasizes the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors in mental health.
biopsychosocial
What is the primary focus of humanistic psychology?
Personal growth and self-actualization.
True or False: Schizophrenia is a mood disorder.
False
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.
What is a common treatment approach for mood disorders?
Antidepressant medication and psychotherapy.
What does ‘diagnostic overshadowing’ refer to?
The phenomenon where a clinician attributes all symptoms to a known diagnosis, potentially overlooking additional disorders.
Fill in the blank: The ______ theory suggests that feelings of inadequacy lead to depression.
cognitive
What is the primary focus of behavioral therapy?
Changing maladaptive behaviors through reinforcement and conditioning.
True or False: Personality disorders are typically diagnosed in childhood.
False
What is the difference between ‘obsessions’ and ‘compulsions’ in OCD?
Obsessions are intrusive thoughts, while compulsions are repetitive behaviors performed to reduce anxiety.
What role does stigma play in mental health treatment?
It can prevent individuals from seeking help and worsen their conditions.
What is the significance of the biopsychosocial model in understanding psychopathology?
It highlights the importance of integrating biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding and treating mental disorders.
Fill in the blank: ______ therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns.
Cognitive
