Psychopathology Flashcards
What are delusions?
Beliefs held unshakably, regardless of counter-argument, that are unexpected and out of keeping with the patient’s cultural background.
What are primary delusions?
If the delusions appear out of nowhere with no preceding events or experiences to account for them.
What are primary delusions indicative of?
Schizophrenia
What are secondary delusions?
When delusions are based off of the patient’s environment around them (both physical and emotional)
What are primary delusions also known as?
Delusional intuition
What are secondary delusions also known as?
Delusional perception
What is a nihilistic delusion?
When the patient believes they are dead or dying (rotting away from the inside)
What is a characteristic of delusions seen in schizophrenia?
They are often unrelated to mood or emotions, with horrific events being described without apt distress from the patient
What is Ekbom syndrome?
Delusional parasitosis - a delusion where the patient believes their skin is infested with parasites
What is Capgras syndrome?
Where a person believes that the people around them have been replaced by exact replicas
What is Fregoli syndrome?
The delusion where a patient believes that a single person is impersonating multiple familiar people in their lives
What is Othello syndrome?
Jealousy - belief of a sexual partner being unfaithful without proof
What is de Clérambault’s syndrome?
The belief that someone (usually a celebrity) is in love with them and is sending them secret messages or signs
What is folie à deux?
Where an already psychotic person transmits their delusions to another person (close relative usually) who now shares them
Visual hallucinations are much more common in ___ _________ and _______ than psychosis.
Eye pathology
Epilepsy
What is a psuedohallucination?
A hallucination that the patient experiences but they are aware that it is not real
What are extracampine hallucinations?
Hallucinations that occur out of the sensory field (i.e. ‘right behind me’. These are non-specific feelings that can be associated with epilepsy, psychosis and anxiety.
What is pareidolia?
Where an ill-defined, random stimulus is given meaning without conscious effort (e.g. seeing a shape in clouds)
What is thought derailment?
A break in the linked association of sequential thoughts or change in track of thoughts. Neither the patient or the observer understands the connection.
What is thought omission?
All or part of a thought is absent without a reason
What is thought substitution?
An inappropriate or illogical thought replaces another as though slotted into a space
What is circumstantiality?
Where a person gives excessive, irrelevant detail without losing track of the question or topic
What is overinclusion?
The inability to maintain the boundaries of a topic or restrict thoughts to the limits of a topic.
What is verbigeration also known as?
- Word salad
- Schizophasia
