Intellectual Disabilities

Question 1

What is Trisomy 21?

Answer 1

Down’s syndrome

Question 2

What psychiatric conditions are related to Down’s syndrome?

Answer 2

• Depression

- Alzheimer’s

Question 3

What is the definition of an intellectual disability?

Answer 3

• Reduced ability to understand new or complex information or use new skills
• Reduced ability to cope independently
• A condition that started before adulthood with lifelong effects on the individual’s development

Question 4

What is the IQ threshold for intellectual disability?

Answer 4

< 70

Question 5

What is Fragile X Syndrome?

Answer 5

An X-linked dominant disorder (CGG triplet repeat) characterised by intellectual difficulties, long and narrow face, large ears, flexible fingers and large testicles in males.

Question 6

What mental health problems is Fragile X Syndrome associated with?

Answer 6

• Autism
• ADHD
• Anxiety

Question 7

What is CIPOLD?

Answer 7

Confidential Inquiry into Premature deaths of people with learning disabilities

Question 8

What is another term for DiGeorge Sydrome?

Answer 8

Velocardiofacial Syndrome

Question 9

What is DiGeorge Syndrome?

Answer 9

22q11.2 syndrome which is a microdeletion on the long arm of chromosome 22

Question 10

What are the classic signs and symptoms of DiGeorge Syndrome?

Answer 10

• Congenital heart disease
• Palate defects
• Learning disabilities
• Mild changes to facial features

Question 11

What mental health conditions are associated with DiGeorge Syndrome?

Answer 11

• Schizophrenia
• ADHD
• Anxiety
• ASD

Question 12

What is Angelman Syndrome?

Answer 12

A genetic disease characterised by neurological deficits caused by a defect in chromosome 15.

Question 13

What are the characteristic signs and symptoms of Angelman Syndrome?

Answer 13

• Small head
• Intellectual disability
• Developmental disability
• Speech difficulties
• Seizures
• Sleep problems
• Happy personality
• Interest in water

Question 14

What mental health problems are associated with Angelman Syndrome?

Answer 14

• Hyperactivity

- Short attention span

Question 15

What is Smith-Magenis Syndrome?

Answer 15

A rare genetic disease caused by abnormalities in the short arm of chromosome 17

Question 16

What are the characteristic signs and symptoms of Smith-Magenis Syndrome?

Answer 16

• Broad and square face, deep-set eyes, large cheeks and prominent jaw
• Intellectual disability
• Difficulty sleeping
• Behavioural problems

Question 17

What are the mental health problems associated with Smith-Magenis Syndrome?

Answer 17

Self harm

Question 18

What is the prevalence of dementia in people with Down’s syndrome?

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

What is the most common type of seizure in IDs?

Answer 19

Complex partial seizures

Question 20

What is William’s Syndrome?

Answer 20

A rare genetic disorder caused by deletion of genes on the long arm of chromosome 7

Question 21

What are the characteristic signs and symptoms of William’s syndrome?

Answer 21

• Broad forehead, underdeveloped chin, short nose and full cheeks
• Mild/moderate intellectual disability
• Outgoing personality
• Small widely spaced teeth
• Supravalvular aortic stenosis
• Short stature

Question 22

What mental health conditions are associated with William’s syndrome?

Answer 22

• ADHD
• Anxiety
• Phobia

Question 23

What is Rett Syndrome?

Answer 23

A rare disease caused by X Chromosome MECP2 gene mutation. It is an X-linked dominant inheritance.

Question 24

What are the characteristic signs and symptoms of Rett Syndrome?

Answer 24

• Regression after a relatively normal period of development
• Microcephaly
• Handwringing
• Scoliosis
• Almost exclusively female

Question 25

What mental health disorders are associated with Rett Syndrome?

Answer 25

• ASD

- Irritability