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BEHAVIOURAL MEDICINE > Psychopathology > Flashcards

Psychopathology Flashcards

Define it,history of mental illness,understanding psychopathology,perspectives and integrated approaches

1
Q

Criterias that separate disorders from normal behaviour

A

Statistical deviance
Maladaptiveness
Personal distress

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2
Q

What is statical deviance?

A

A criterion of abnormal behaviour based on an infrequency of occurrence in members of a population (talking to your self happens infrequently)
A criterion of abnormality stating that a behaviour is abnormal of it occurs infrequently among the members of a population

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3
Q

What is a bell curve?

A

Most common type of distribution for a variable and known as normal distribution

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4
Q

What does the highest point on the curve represents?

A

Most probable event in a series of data while all other possible occurrence are equally distributed around the most probable event

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5
Q

What is Maladaptiveness?

A

It us a way you think about the problem,rather than the problem itself that causes mental disorders
The individual is an active processor of information

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6
Q

Common signs of psychopathology?

A

Suicide
Depression
Fatigue

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7
Q

Maladaptiveness is relative to?

A

The particular culture perspective

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8
Q

Words Defining psychopathology ?

A

Statical behaviours
Maladaptiveness
personal distress

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9
Q

What is personal distress?

A

Is associated with what consitutes a mental disorder

People suffer from struggle with unbearable negative thought about themselves and their world

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10
Q

How are APD individuals?

A

Likely to find pleasure in inflicting pain in others and they are often violent and abusive in their relationship with others

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11
Q

What year was homosexuality declared not an illness?

A

Since 1973

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12
Q

5 eras of mental illness

A 
The ancient Era
The early Era
The Reinaissance 
The asylum 
The scientific Era
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13
Q

Who said problems with madness and insanity have always been part of the human condition

A

Porter(2002)

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14
Q

In early Era what did they think about Mental illness?

A

It was believed that individuals who became psychologically disturbed were possessed by evil,supernatural forces

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15
Q

What did hippocrates believed about pyschological disorders?

A

He believed that pyschological disorders were the results of imbalances in 4 essential fluids or homours in the body:Blood,phlegm,yellow bile and black bile

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16
Q

How was the mental illness looked at Ancient Era?

A

Mental illness was seen as a punishment for sins committed,or as a form of demonic possession
The church was the only solution to it

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17
Q

When did the Renaissance era happened?

A

1400-1600

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18
Q

In Reinaissance Era what did they believed about Mental illness

A

People said it was witchcraft

Physicians said it was medical illness and people could not be held responsible for their actions

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19
Q

What were the treatment of mental ill patients in asylum era?

A

Restraining patients for long period of time
Placing them in dark cells
And subjecting them to torture-like treatments

20
Q

Who out the forward the idea that mental patients needed to be treated with kindness and consideration if they were to recover?

A

Phillipe pinel(1745-1826)

21
Q

2 People in England established a country retreat where patients could rest peacefully?

A

William

Henry Tuke

22
Q

What era were mental ill people started to be treated with kindness ?

A

The Asylum Era

23
Q

Which era have sciencific discoveries?

A

The scientific era

24
Q

Who observed that certain symptoms occurred with specific types of mental disease?

A

Emil Kraepelin

25
Q

Classification system for a number of disorders?

A

Schizophrenia

26
Q

Who devised a psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund freud

27
Q

Who said psychopathology is largely caused by the repression of forbidden wishes or instinctual drives?

A

Sigmund Freud

28
Q

Treatments of psychopathology in sciencific Era?

A

Types of Therapies

29
Q

The widely used classification of mental illness?

A

Diagnostic and statical manual of mental disorders(DSM)

30
Q

4 current perspectives of psychopathology?

A

Biomedical
Pyschodynamic
Cognitive behavioural
Community

31
Q

What does the biomedical perspective mean?

A

The biomedical model claims that all mental illness have a biological cause

32
Q

What does pyschodynamic perspective mean?

A

The wat we relate to others and ourselves is largely influenced by internal forces that exist outside of our consciousness
It is derived from Freud’s development of psychoanalysis

33
Q

What does cognitive-behaviour perspective mean?

A

Is the idea of cognitive
Or learned ways of thinking
Directly impact on the individual’s emotion and behaviours

34
Q

What does the community psychology perspective mean?

A

Community psychology is most interested in understanding psychopathology from within the context of the community

35
Q

What is diathesis-stress model?

A

Introduced by Meehl who suggested that some people inherit or develop predisposition to psychopathology

36
Q

Condition characterised by disorganized and fragmentented emotions,behaviour and cognitions?

A

Schizophrenia

37
Q

Speech that is incomprehensible?

A

Disorganized speech

38
Q

An ability to persist in goal-directed activity and the performance of very inappropriate behaviours in public

A

Disorganized behaviour

39
Q

Marked motor Abnormalities such As bizzarre posture,purposeless repetitive movements and an extreme degree of unawareness

A

Catatonic behaviour

40
Q

False sensory perception that occur in the absence of a related sensory stimulus?

A

Hallucinations

41
Q

Fixed ideas or false beliefs that do not have any foundation in reality?

A

Delusions

42
Q

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Flat effect
Avoliation
Alogia

43
Q

What does flat affect negative symptom mean?

A

A lack of emotional responsiveness in gesture,facial expression or tone of voice

44
Q

What does avolition negative symptom mean?

A

Involves the inability to begin and sustain goal-indirected Activity

45
Q

What does Alogia negative symptom mean?

A

A speech disturbance in which the individual talks very little and gives brief empty replies

BEHAVIOURAL MEDICINE (8 decks)

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