psychology unit 3a

Question 1

everything psychological is

Answer 1

biological

Question 2

phrenology

Answer 2

-bumps on skull thought to reveal abilities and characters
-invented by Franz Gull

Question 3

biology psychology

Answer 3

branch of psychology concerned with links between biology and behavior

Question 4

neuron

Answer 4

nerve cell: basic building block of a nervous system

Question 5

cell body (soma)

Answer 5

part of the neuron that contains nucleus, cells life support

Question 6

dendrites

Answer 6

receives incoming signals from other neutrons

Question 7

axon

Answer 7

-longest part
-carries out information

Question 8

how does something come in to neutron?

Answer 8

1 dendrites #2 cell body #3 axon

Question 9

myelin sheath

Answer 9

-insulates axon
-speeds impulses
-acts as clothing

Question 10

multiple sclerosis

Answer 10

-body attacks own tissue
- white blood cells attack neurons
-myelin sheath can generate this

Question 11

action potential

Answer 11

-electrical charge that travels down axon
-neural impulse

Question 12

what do ions create when they move?

Answer 12

electricity (action potential)

Question 13

resting potential

Answer 13

-fluid in an axon is negatively charged
-fluid outside is positively charged

Question 14

selective permiablity

Answer 14

resting axon has gates that block positive ions

Question 15

refractory periods

Answer 15

rest period

Question 16

excitatory signals

Answer 16

pushing a neuron through (accelerator)

Question 17

inhibitory signals

Answer 17

stopping neurons (brake)

Question 18

threshold

Answer 18

level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

Question 19

all-or-none response

Answer 19

a neuron will fire or it won’t

Question 20

how do we know if someone slapped us?

Answer 20

more neurons fire more often

Question 21

synapse

Answer 21

gap between a sending neuron and a receiving neuron

Question 22

protoplasmic kisses

Answer 22

air kisses from sending neuron and receiving neuron

Question 23

neurotransmitters

Answer 23

chemical messengers released into the synaptic gap

Question 24

reuptake

Answer 24

re-absorption of excess neurotransmitters by sending neurons

Question 25

acetylcholine (ACH)

Answer 25

-messenger for every junction between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle
-allows muscle contractions
-if blocked: muscle paralysis

Question 26

dopamine

Answer 26

-influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
-EXCESS leads to schizophrenia
-NONE leads to tremors and parkinson’s

Question 27

Endorphins

Answer 27

-linked to pain control and pleasure

Question 28

agonist molecule

Answer 28

molecule that increases neurotransmitters action

Question 29

antagonist molecule

Answer 29

blocks a neurotransmitter (botox)

Question 30

central nervous system

Answer 30

brain and spinal cord (center of your body)

Question 31

peripheral cord system

Answer 31

sensory & motor neurons that connect to central system and rest of your body