Psychology, globally and in Australia

Question 1

What is the model used to train psychologists?

Answer 1

The Scientist–Practitioner Model

Question 2

What is the Scientist–Practitioner Model?

Answer 2

A way of using psychological theory, field work, and research methodology to train psychologists
e.g. theory to practice and practice to theory cycle

Question 3

What brought on a huge surge in psychological theories?

Answer 3

mental testing for war

Question 4

How and when did psychology begin?

Answer 4

1879 Wundt’s lab in Leipzig

Merge of philosophy and physiology

Question 5

After mental testing, what was the next big shift in psychological thinking and when?

Answer 5

1914: Watson
Behaviourism: observable not conscious experience e.g. conditioning

Question 6

What came after behaviourism?

Answer 6

Skinner: Radical Behaviourism

Framework for explaining behaviour e.g. reinforcements

Question 7

When was the first department of psychology established in Sydney?

Answer 7

1929

Question 8

When was the Australian Psychological Society branch (independent from Britain) first established?

Answer 8

1966

Question 9

What theory did Kuhn propose?

Answer 9

The paradigm shift (or revolutionary science model)

Question 10

What are the two dimensions that combine to make a paradigm?

Answer 10

Social: communication/ co-authorship
Cognitive: matrix of a discipline/ problem solving

Question 11

What have been the drivers of development in psychology?

Answer 11

The Great War and Revolution: IQ testing and change problems
Industrial revolution: productivity and capitalism
Second World War: perception and cognition, training (flying), social psych (propaganda)
Cold War: game theory, computer technology, information processing, bio-psychosocial CIA research
Neuroscience & epigenetics

Question 12

What is typically awarded more often theory or method?

Answer 12

Method

Question 13

What are the major developments in psychological methods?

Answer 13

2 Streams:
Experimentation - changes conditions to observe the consequences
Correlation (Chronbach) and scale analysis - comparing two things to see if they are related

Question 14

What are Robert Merton’s Norms of Science?

Answer 14

Universalism: not just applicable to one
Communality: discoveries don’t belong to anyone
Disinterestedness: pursuit of knowledge without ulterior motives
Organised scepticism: based on proof not trust

Question 15

What has spurred on the need for the scientific method?

Answer 15

The need for replication to establish reliability and generalise findings

Question 16

How can you judge the importance of a journal article?

Answer 16

The impact factor

The number of people citing it

Question 17

What does the term zombi psychology mean?

Answer 17

Studies which have been examined, but which are not solved and are eventually set aside - maybe to be returned to later but without remembering the past attempts

Question 18

What is central to the scientific study of experience and why?

Answer 18

• Introspection - awareness of judgements and bias (easier to remove when using animals = the rat is never wrong)
• Accurate observation = independent from observer

Question 19

To study personality we study?

Answer 19

Traits

Question 20

What are traits?

Answer 20

distinct characteristics which consistently distinguish individuals

Question 21

What theory was proposed to oppose trait theory?

Answer 21

the “power of the situation”

Question 22

The scientific- practitioner model is also known as the?

Answer 22

Boulder Model

Question 23

What do EBP and EST stand for?

Answer 23

Evidence Based Practice: best research + clinical practice

Evidence Supported Therapy