Psychology chapter 8 - memory

Question 1

sensoric memory is divededinto 2

Answer 1

1) iconic memory
2) echoic memory

Question 2

Iconic memory is when

Answer 2

There is a brief visual presentation
Hold the memory really short

Question 3

Memory is a process that allows us to

Answer 3

Record, store and retrieve
Experiences & information

Question 4

Variable response delay in iconic memory

Answer 4

When you have to wait longer in between the visual cue and recall
–> recall is more difficult

Question 5

Other word for short term memory

Answer 5

Working memory
- Because we work with the memory
- It is not only for storage

Question 6

Phonological loop (working memory)

Answer 6

Rehearse in brain without voculizing

Store and articulate/repeat what we hear
- Makkelijk interfereable

Question 7

Visual spatial sketchpad

Answer 7

Ability to temporarily hold visual and spatial info

Question 8

Episodic buffer

Answer 8

Combines information from loop, visual sketchpad and long-term memory to create coherent episode

Question 9

Central executive

Answer 9

Flexible system responsible for control and regulation of cognitive processes

Controls our action

Question 10

The consolidaiton hypothesis (long-term memory) states that

Answer 10

Repetition trough time is enough for info to stay in long term memory

Question 11

Levels of processing hypothesis (long term memory) states that

Answer 11

You need maintenance reheasel and elaborative rehearsal for info to stay in long term memory

Question 12

Mnemonic is a strategy to

Answer 12

effectvely remember things

Question 13

Retrograde amnesia (retro = backwards)

Answer 13

Loss of memory prior to an accident/stroke

Question 14

Anterograde amnesia (forward)

Answer 14

Unable to make new memory/learn new things.
Because of lesion in hippocampys

Question 15

amnesia (memory lose) is due to damage to

Answer 15

hippocampus

Question 16

parkinson is due to damag to

Answer 16

substantia nigra

Question 17

Substantia nigra (uitleg NL)

Answer 17

‘zwarte substantie”
Groep neuronen, die onderdeel vormen van de basale ganglia

Question 18

infentile amnesia

Answer 18

No memory before 3 y/o

Question 19

Sperling (A scientist)

Answer 19

Test iconic memory capacity and duration
Letter experiment
- Shows we record all letter
- But we lose some
- When you are told to focus on a few you will better memorize them

Question 20

2 limitations of the working memory

Answer 20

• Interference of speech
• Limited size

Question 21

Declarative memory (includes two subcategories) is

Answer 21

involves factual knowledge, demonstrates this

Question 22

Episodic memory (subtype of declarative memory)

Answer 22

Store of knowledge concerning personal experiences

• when, where, and what happened in the episodes of our lives. Your recollections of childhood friends, a favourite film, and what you ate this morning represent episodic
  memories.

Question 23

Semantic memory (subtype of declarative)

Answer 23

Represents general factual knowlegde, about the world, language, memory for words and concepts

You know that Mount Everest
is the world’s tallest peak and that e = mc”.

Question 24

Explicit memory (LTM)

Answer 24

involves conscious or intentional memory retrieval, as when you consciously recognize
or recall something.

Question 24

Procedural (non-declarative) memory memory)

Answer 24

is reflected in skills and action

Question 25

Implicit memory occurs when

Answer 25

memory influences our behaviour unconsciously

• HM was able to form a procedural memory for
  performing the mirror-tracing task, although he had no conscious awareness of having
  learned it.

Question 26

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