psychology chapter 1 Flashcards
What is psychology?
Its the scientific study of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors of humans.
When did Psychology start?
before the late 1800s Psychology was considered to be part of philosophy.
Who is Willhelm Wundt?
Wundt was a German scientist and first person to be called a psychologist.
What is Structuralism?
It’s the belief that that the mind could be analyzed by focusing on the individual elements of consciousness, like thought, emotions etc.
Who is William James?
he was the first American psychologist.
He created Functionalism.
What is functionalism?
It’s the study of the functions of the body.
Who created Functionalism?
William James
Who is Sigmund Freud?
He was an Austrian neurologist who came up with ideas on why people do what they do.
What did Sigmond Freud Develop?
He developed “Psychoanalysis” or “talk therapy.” Talking about what’s on your mind.
Who are Wetheimer, Kaffka, Kohler?
Three German Psychologists that are credited with creating Gestalt Psychology.
What is Gestalt Psychology?
Focus on the inner experience of people.
Gestalt means “Whole”
Listening to a song compared to listening to the instruments.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
He created Classical Conditioning Conducted famous dog experiments.
Who is John B Watson?
He is known as the father of behaviorism. he believed that only behaviors that were observable by the human eye were valid is psychology.
What is behaviorism?
Focuses on human behavior, which is anything that we can observe with our five senses.
Behaviorist frequently used animals for experiments to test their theories.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
He created Maslows hierarchy of needs and focuses on self-actualization.
Who is Carl Rogers?
He created-client centered therapy, and focused on unconditional positive regard, genuine, and empathy.
who is B.F. Skinner?
He created operant conditioning
What is Cognitive Behavior Therapy?
cbt focuses on identifying and changing thoughts and behaviors that are unhelpful, including “Cognitive Distortions” aka “Thinking Errors.”
Who is Margret Floy?
First woman to earn a doctorate in psychology in 1894
Who is Mary Whiton Calkins?
She was a woman that completed all her work to earn her doctorate in psychology from Harvard, but Harvard would not award the degree because she was a woman.
Who is Edward Tichener?
He is the student of Wundt. he developed Structuralism.
