chapter 6 part 1 Flashcards
What are Reflexes?
Bodily reactions to specific environmental Stimuli.
What are instincts?
Something done automatically without conscious thought.
What is Learning?
A permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience. Aka is Psychology as “conditioning”.
Associative Learning is what?
When we make connections between stimuli or events around us.
There are 3 types of Associative learning. Classical conditioning, Operant conditioning, and Observational learning.
What are the 3 types of Associative learning?
Classical Conditioning, Operant conditioning, and Observational learning.
What’s Classical Conditioning?
When you Condition yourself or someone else to associate a bell or noise to a type of food or thing.
Who developed Classical Conditioning?
A Russian Scientist named Ivan Pavlov.
What is a Stimulus?
Something that causes something else to happen.
What does conditioned mean?
Means “learned” or “trained”
What is Unconditioned stimulus?(CS)
The thing that naturally makes something happen
Unconditioned Response? (UCR)
The thing that naturally happens in the presence of an unconditioned stimulus.
What is a Neutral Stimulus?(NS)
A thing that in the beginning doesn’t make anything happen.
What is a Conditioned Stimulus? (CS)
A thing that used to be a neutral stimulus and used to not make anything happen, but now makes something happen because it’s associated with the unconditioned stimulus.
What is a Conditioned Response? (CR)
The thing that happens in response to a conditioned stimulus.
What is Acquisition?
The process in which a person connects a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus.
What is Extinction?
The conditioned Response becomes weaker when the unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented with the conditioned stimulus.
What is Spontaneous Recovery?
the return of a previously extinguished conditioned response following a rest period.
What is a Stimulus Discrimination?
When a person responds differently to various stimuli that are somewhat similar.
ex.
Someone is afraid of spiders that move quickly, but not spiders that move slowly.
What is a Stimulus Generalization?
when a person responds the same to various stimuli that are somewhat different but still similar.
Ex.
Professor Wren thinks all blonde children are adorable (because she has four blonde children)
How do we use Classical Conditioning?
-Real estate agents bake cookies or bread during an open house
-Nice/fun teachers make kids enjoy coming to class -Advertisers use good looking, healthy, or wealthy looking people in their ad campaigns
