Psychology Flashcards
This “effect” is an attributional type of cognitive bias whereby people tend to overestimate the extent to which their opinions, beliefs, preferences, values, and habits are normal and typical of those of others (i.e., that others also think the same way that they do).
False Consensus Effect
A single-word term in social psychology that refers to the way an individual perceives, comprehends, and interprets the world around them, particularly the behavior or action of others towards themselves.
Construal
This is the informal name given to Section 7 of the APA’s Principles of Medical Ethics, stating that it is unethical for psychiatrists to give a medical opinion of a public official they have not examined. The rule is named after a US senator, who in 1964 was the subject of a poll in Fact magazine asking whether he was fit to be president.
The Goldwater Rule (Barry Goldwater)
What unusual psychological condition is named in honor of Janne Olsson’s infamous Norrmalmstorg bank robbery of August 1973?
That infamous hostage crisis took place in Stockholm, Sweden and led to the term “Stockholm syndrome” for prisoners who beginning to sympathize with their captors.
Also known as “positivity bias,” this is the tendency for people to remember pleasant items more accurately than unpleasant ones. The term includes the name of an optimistic titular character from a 1913 novel.
Pollyanna Principle
The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense (1937) and Normality and Pathology in Childhood (1966) are major works from what Austrian-born psychoanalyst? (First and last name required.)
Anna Freud
What mental capacity did Jean Piaget name, and go on to describe six early childhood stages of, after his 1963 “blanket and ball study”?
Piaget was trying to figure out what age a baby realizes that the ball is still there even after you cover it with a blanket. He called the skill “object permanence.”
