Chemistry

Question 1

These particles connects quarks together, thereby allowing the formation of protons and neutrons.

Answer 1

Gluons

Question 2

The principle that the volume of a gas times its pressure is constant at a fixed temperature is named after what chemist, who first published the discovery in 1662?

Answer 2

Boyle

Question 3

The chemical element oganesson, whose name became official in November 2016, has the highest atomic number and highest atomic mass of all known (non-hypothetical) elements. Within plus or minus five, what is oganesson’s atomic number?

Answer 3

118

Question 4

First synthesized in 1874, the chemical dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane, with the formula (ClC6H5)2CHC(HCl2), has historically been produced mostly for what purpose? This capability was discovered by Swiss chemist Paul Müller in 1939, earning him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1948.

Answer 4

Insecticide

Question 5

In a chemical reaction where one substance loses electrons through oxidation, the other will gain electrons, through a complementary process called what?

Answer 5

Redox reaction

Question 6

Identify the subatomic particle of the baryon family, believed to be composed of two up quarks and one down quark, which has a mass of 1.672x10^-24 grams and a positive electric charge of 1.602x10^-19 coulombs.

Answer 6

Proton

Question 7

A substance described as stannic, by definition, contains what element (especially with a valence of four)?

Answer 7

Tin

Question 8

These are the six noble gases that occur naturally, in ascending order of atomic weight.

Answer 8

Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon , Radon

Question 9

(1) What is the atomic symbol for Mercury and (2) what Latin word is it derived from?

Answer 9

(1) Hg, (2) hydrargyrum

Question 10

It’s atomic number 22 in your program but number 1 in your heart when an alloy is used in a pacemaker.

Answer 10

Titanium

Question 11

The unit of length equal to 1.616 229(38)×10^-35 meters, the constant in quantum physics equal to 6.62607004×10^-34 m^2 kg/s, and the unit of temperature equal to 1.416 808(33)×10^32 K (considered “absolute hot”) are all named after what Nobel-winning German physicist?

Answer 11

Max Planck

Question 12

If the fictional metallic element vibranium actually existed, it would probably have the symbol Vb or Vi, since the symbol V is already in use for what other rare metal?

Answer 12

Vanadium

Question 13

According to Boyle’s Law, this in gas increases whenever the volume of its container decreases.

Answer 13

Pressure

Question 14

This precious metal boasts the highest thermal and electrical conductivity.

Answer 14

Silver

Question 15

A unit of atomic mass, a dalton is defined as 1/12th the mass of the “12” isotope of this element.

Answer 15

Carbon

Question 16

When dissolved in water, the chemical compound sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) forms a solution commonly known as what?

Answer 16

Bleach

Question 17

This radical self-sustaining type of reaction happens in 3 stages: initiation, propagation and termination.

Answer 17

Chain Reaction

Question 18

Steel is an alloy of these two base elements.

Answer 18

Carbon (C), Iron (Fe)

Question 19

The chemical compound sodium bicarbonate, when sold in grocery stores, is more commonly labeled as what?

Answer 19

Baking Soda

Question 20

In a nutritional context, cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol are often labelled with what letter of the alphabet?

Answer 20

(Vitamin) D

Question 21

The sun is a fusion reactor; creating one on earth would require creating this very hot, ionized state of matter.

Answer 21

Plasma

Question 22

What alkaloid is by far the world’s most consumed psychoactive drug?

Answer 22

Caffeine

Question 23

Most traditional water softeners remove hardness from water by replacing harmful calcium and magnesium ions with ions from what alkali metal element?

Answer 23

Sodium

Question 24

All known full-scale weapon tests have employed primaries composed of ²³³U, ²³⁵U, or ²³⁹Pu. What fittingly-named actinoid, having atomic number 93, sits between uranium (U, 92) and plutonium (Pu, 94) on the periodic table, and has a long-lived 144-neutron isotope quite usable as a fission explosive?

Answer 24

Neptunium

Question 25

What is the first letter of the alphabet that is not the first (or only) letter of a symbol on the periodic table of elements? It is one of only two such letters (the other is "Q").

Answer 25

J

Question 26

This noble gas is the second-lightest element.

Answer 26

Helium

Question 27

When an atom or molecule oxidizes, it loses one or more of these.

Answer 27

Electrons

Question 28

CH2O2, which is the simplest organic compound with a carboxyl group (COOH) and is present in the stings of some bees, stinging nettles, and ants, is commonly known by what name?

Answer 28

Formic Acid

Question 29

A new branch of chemistry known as electrochemistry was facilitated by Alessandro Volta's 1800 invention of the voltaic pile, which is today better known as a what?

Answer 29

Electric Battery

Question 30

What metal's salts are called plumbates?

Answer 30

**_Lead_** was plumbum to the ancient Romans. That's why its chemical symbol is Pb.

Question 31

The highly poisonous and colorless acid hydrogen cyanide was once more commonly known as an acid described by what seven-letter adjective? The name references a former European state and is derived from the name of the blue pigment from which hydrogen cyanide was first isolated.

Answer 31

Prussic

Question 32

What chemistry term for a particle with an unpaired electron is also used in math notation to refer to the square root symbol?

Answer 32

Radical

Question 33

The process of boiling a liquid and condensing and collecting the vapor is best known by what term?

Answer 33

Distillation

Question 34

What is the only element on the periodic table that derives its name from a river (in this case, a major European river)?

Answer 34

Rhenium

Question 35

An atom (or group of atoms) that has lost one or more electrons, making it positively charged, is a specific type of ion known by what name?

Answer 35

Cation

Question 36

What's the only element in Group 1 of the periodic table that's not one of the "alkali metals"?

Answer 36

**_Hydrogen_**, being atomic number 1, kind of has to be in Group 1. And it's certainly not a metal.

Question 37

Following rules established in 1978, the last fifteen newly discovered chemical elements were assigned temporary symbols beginning with what letter of the alphabet? (Card created January 26th, 2021)

Answer 37

Temporary IUPAC names for elements are always derived from the elements' atomic numbers, and all elements have begun with the digit '1' since element 100 was synthesized in the early 1950s. As a result, all the recently discovered elements have had temporary symbols beginning with '**_U_**', for the Latin prefix 'un-.'

Question 38

What element was first detected as an unexpected line in the spectrum of the Sun in 1868, and discovered on Earth in 1895 (in the uranium mineral cleveite)?

Answer 38

Helium

Question 39

Of the actual historical people after whom elements of the periodic table are named, two are women. One is Marie Curie, while the other was a Viennese-born Swedish physicist who was a co-discoverer of nuclear fission in 1938. What is her name, commemorated in element 109?

Answer 39

Lise Meitner

Question 40

American chemist Stephanie Kwolek developed the first liquid crystal polymer fiber, leading to the development of poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide, which has a myriad of applications (e.g., tires, cables, helmet, ballistic body armor). This polymer is better known by what brand name owned by DuPont (Kwolek's employer for 40+ years)?

Answer 40

Kevlar

Question 41

Unlike regular ice, the refrigerant known as "dry ice" is not solid water, but rather what other chemical compound?

Answer 41

Carbon Dioxide

Question 42

This rare element whose most-prominent use is for making jet engine exhaust nozzles is atomic number 75

Answer 42

Rhenium