Psychology -2- Memory Flashcards
What are the three main types of memory in the multi-store model?
Sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
True or False: Short-term memory has a limited capacity.
True.
Fill in the blank: The capacity of short-term memory is typically around ___ items.
7.
What is the duration of short-term memory?
About 15 to 30 seconds.
What is the primary process used to transfer information from short-term memory to long-term memory?
Rehearsal.
Name one type of long-term memory.
Episodic memory, semantic memory, or procedural memory.
True or False: Long-term memory has an unlimited capacity.
True.
What is the function of the phonological loop in Baddeley’s working memory model?
To process and store verbal and auditory information.
Which part of Baddeley’s working memory model is responsible for visual and spatial information?
The visuospatial sketchpad.
What is the term for the fading of memories over time?
Decay.
Fill in the blank: The process of bringing information from long-term memory back into consciousness is called ___.
Retrieval.
What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?
Explicit memory involves conscious recall, while implicit memory does not.
True or False: Reconstructive memory suggests that memories are stored accurately and retrieved without alteration.
False.
What type of interference occurs when new information disrupts the retrieval of old information?
Retroactive interference.
What is the term for the phenomenon where people remember the first and last items in a list better than the middle items?
The serial position effect.
In the context of memory, what does the term ‘chunking’ refer to?
Grouping information into larger, manageable units to enhance memory capacity.
What is the role of the amygdala in memory?
It is involved in the processing of emotions and the formation of emotional memories.
True or False: Short-term memory is also known as working memory.
False.
What is the function of the central executive in Baddeley’s model of working memory?
To coordinate and manage the different components of working memory.
Fill in the blank: The ___ effect describes how emotional events are remembered better than neutral events.
Flashbulb.
What is the method of loci?
A mnemonic device that involves visualizing items to be remembered in specific locations.
True or False: The misinformation effect occurs when people’s memories are altered by misleading information after an event.
True.
What is the term for the inability to form new memories after a brain injury?
Anterograde amnesia.
What is the term for the process of strengthening synapses based on recent patterns of activity?
Long-term potentiation.
Fill in the blank: The ___ model suggests that memories are stored in a network of associations.
Semantic network.
What is the difference between recall and recognition in memory retrieval?
Recall involves retrieving information without cues, while recognition involves identifying previously learned information with cues.
