Chemistry - 1.5 - Kinetics Flashcards
What is the definition of kinetics in chemistry?
Kinetics is the study of the rates of chemical reactions and the factors affecting these rates.
True or False: The rate of a reaction is constant throughout the reaction.
False
What does the rate of reaction depend on?
The rate of reaction depends on concentration, temperature, surface area, and the presence of catalysts.
Fill in the blank: The unit of rate of reaction is ______.
mol dm⁻³ s⁻¹
What is the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction?
Increasing temperature generally increases the rate of a chemical reaction.
What is the collision theory?
Collision theory states that for a reaction to occur, reactant particles must collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation.
Which factor does NOT affect the rate of a reaction?
The color of the reactants does not affect the rate of a reaction.
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
True or False: Catalysts change the overall energy change of a reaction.
False
What is meant by the term ‘activation energy’?
Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.
What is the role of surface area in reaction rates?
Increasing the surface area of reactants increases the rate of reaction by allowing more collisions to occur.
In a rate equation, what does the symbol ‘k’ represent?
The symbol ‘k’ represents the rate constant.
What is the effect of increasing concentration on reaction rates?
Increasing concentration generally increases the rate of reaction.
What is a zero-order reaction?
A zero-order reaction is one where the rate of reaction is constant and independent of the concentration of reactants.
What is the formula for the rate of a first-order reaction?
Rate = k[A], where [A] is the concentration of reactant A.
True or False: A higher concentration of reactants leads to a slower reaction rate.
False
What is the Arrhenius equation used for?
The Arrhenius equation is used to calculate the effect of temperature on the rate constant.
What happens to the rate constant ‘k’ as temperature increases?
The rate constant ‘k’ generally increases as temperature increases.
What type of graph can be used to determine the order of a reaction?
Concentration vs. time graphs can be used to determine the order of a reaction.
Fill in the blank: The half-life of a first-order reaction is ______.
constant
What is the relationship between rate and temperature in terms of the Boltzmann distribution?
As temperature increases, more molecules have energy greater than the activation energy, leading to an increased rate.
What does a reaction profile diagram show?
A reaction profile diagram shows the energy changes during the course of a reaction, including the activation energy and enthalpy change.
What is the significance of the transition state in a reaction?
The transition state is the highest energy state during a reaction and is crucial for determining the activation energy.
What is meant by the term ‘rate-determining step’?
The rate-determining step is the slowest step in a reaction mechanism that determines the overall rate of the reaction.
