Biology -2- Cells

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 1

The cell.

Question 2

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The cell theory states that all cells come from _____ cells.

Answer 3

pre-existing.

Question 4

What structure controls the entry and exit of substances in a cell?

Answer 4

Cell membrane.

Question 5

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 5

Protein synthesis.

Question 6

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 6

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? A) Ribosome B) Mitochondria C) Golgi apparatus D) Nucleus

Answer 7

B) Mitochondria.

Question 8

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 8

Protein and lipid synthesis.

Question 9

What is the jelly-like substance inside a cell called?

Answer 9

Cytoplasm.

Question 10

True or False: The nucleus contains the cell’s genetic material.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins.

Answer 11

Golgi apparatus.

Question 12

What type of cell division is used for growth and repair?

Answer 12

Mitosis.

Question 13

What is the role of lysosomes in a cell?

Answer 13

Digestion and waste removal.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane? A) Phospholipids B) Proteins C) Nucleic acids D) Cholesterol

Answer 14

C) Nucleic acids.

Question 15

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The _____ provides structural support to plant cells.

Answer 16

Cell wall.

Question 17

True or False: Animal cells have a cell wall.

Answer 17

False.

Question 18

What is the process by which cells take in substances called?

Answer 18

Endocytosis.

Question 19

What is the role of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 19

Maintaining cell shape and structure.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which of the following organelles is involved in energy production? A) Ribosome B) Nucleus C) Mitochondria D) Lysosome

Answer 20

C) Mitochondria.

Question 21

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 21

Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the site of ATP production.

Answer 22

Mitochondria.

Question 23

True or False: The Golgi apparatus modifies and sorts proteins.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

What is the role of the nucleolus?

Answer 24

Ribosome production.

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the liver? A) Smooth ER B) Rough ER C) Golgi apparatus D) Ribosome

Answer 25

A) Smooth ER.

Question 26

What process do cells use to release energy from glucose?

Answer 26

Cellular respiration.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: _____ are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions.

Answer 27

Organelles.

Question 28

True or False: Plant cells have both chloroplasts and mitochondria.

Answer 28

True.

Question 29

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

Answer 29

Phospholipids.

Question 30

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 30

Protein synthesis and processing.

Question 31

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is involved in the synthesis of lipids? A) Rough ER B) Smooth ER C) Ribosome D) Golgi apparatus

Answer 31

B) Smooth ER.

Question 32

What structure is involved in the formation of the spindle fibers during mitosis?

Answer 32

Centrioles.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the semi-permeable barrier surrounding the cell.

Answer 33

Cell membrane.

Question 34

What type of transport does not require energy?

Answer 34

Passive transport.

Question 35

True or False: The primary function of vacuoles is storage.

Answer 35

True.

Question 36

What is osmosis?

Answer 36

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which type of cell is characterized by the absence of organelles? A) Eukaryotic B) Prokaryotic C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

Answer 37

B) Prokaryotic.

Question 38

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 38

It holds organelles in place and is the site for many metabolic processes.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.

Answer 39

Cytoskeleton.

Question 40

True or False: The cell wall is made of cellulose in plant cells.

Answer 40

True.

Question 41

What is the role of enzymes in the cell?

Answer 41

To catalyze biochemical reactions.

Question 42

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? A) Mitochondria B) Ribosome C) Chloroplast D) Golgi apparatus

Answer 42

C) Chloroplast.

Question 43

What is the role of the cell membrane in cell signaling?

Answer 43

It contains receptors that bind to signaling molecules.

Question 44

Fill in the blank: _____ are the sites of protein synthesis.

Answer 44

Ribosomes.

Question 45

What is the main purpose of cell division?

Answer 45

To produce new cells for growth, repair, and reproduction.

Question 46

True or False: Cell differentiation allows cells to perform specialized functions.

Answer 46

True.

Question 47

What is the function of the plasma membrane's phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 47

To provide a barrier to water-soluble substances.

Question 48

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is involved in protein modification and sorting? A) Ribosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Mitochondria D) Nucleus

Answer 48

B) Golgi apparatus.

Question 49

What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?

Answer 49

It has ribosomes on its surface that translate mRNA into proteins.