Psychology Flashcards
Attitude
an evaluation a person makes about an object, person, group, event or issue.
Tri-component model (A B C)
- Affective: emotions/ how you feel
- Behavioural: observable actions
- cognitive: belief towards an object, group or person
stereotyping (positive and negative)
It is a generalization about the personal characteristics of the members of a social group.
cognitive dissonance
The psychological tension that occurs when our thoughts, feelings or behaviours do NOT align.
ways to reduce cognitive dissonance
- change the cognition/ belief
- change the behaviour
- add new and supporting cognitions
discrimination
when a person or group is treated differently than others
Heuristics
the information-processing strategies or mental shortcuts that enable individuals to form judgments and problem-solve quickly and efficiently.
Heuristics: Availability
making judgments based on information that is easily accessible
personal perception
A mental process we use to understand and form impressions of others.
prejudice
A negative attitude towards another person/ social group
direct discrimination
treating someone with law-protected characteristics less favourably.
indirect discrimination
An unreasonable requirement that disadvantages a person or group because of personal characteristics.
Heuristics: representative
Involves making categorized judgments based on their similarity or from past experience.
Heuristics: affect
making judgements based on emotion
Heuristics positive influence
- save time when making a decision/ problem-solving
- can be adaptive and protects individuals from dangerous situations
- reduces cognitive load