Psychology Flashcards
Id
Pleasure principal, wants immediate gratification
Super ego
Idealistic principal, moral guide
- Influenced by parents values/ social norms
Ego
Reality principal, balanced the id and super ego. Assess what is realistically acceptable
- uses defense mechanism to protect itself
Denial
Defense mechanism
- denying the anxiety outright
-done at a concious level
Repression
Defense mechanism
- blocking out/ prevention of anxiety and pushing it back to the unconscious level
Rationalization
Defense mechanism
- creating false reasons for explanations for anxiety
Projection
Defense mechanism
- seeing in others the unacceptable feelings that reside in one’s own unconscious
Displacement
Defense mechanism
- act out all of your anxiety on an innocent party
-scapegoating
Reaction formation
Defense mechanism
- reversing the nature of anxiety so that it feels it’s opposite nature
- love for someone you unconsciously hate
Sublimation
Defense mechanism
- channeling anxiety into socially acceptable activities
Oral
First stage (birth to 18 months)
- conflict is weaning
Too much = cheerful, self centered, can’t bear disapproval
Too little= greedy, pessimistic, sarcastic
Anal
Second stage (18 months to 3 years)
- conflict is potty training
Too early= overly neat and organized
Too late= messy and disorganized
Phallic
Third stage (3 years to 6 years)
- gratification through materbation
- oedipus complex
- Electra complex
- conflicts: exploring genitalia
Oedipus complex
Boys love their mother and desire to kill father, fear of castration
- identifies with father and internalized his values (super ego)
Electra complex
Girls develop “penis envy” and develop anger toward mother for not giving them a penis
- identifies with mother
Latency
Fourth stage (6 years to puberty)
- sexual urges are transformed into socially acceptable activities
Genital
Fifth stage (puberty to adulthood)
- successful resolution and development into a mature sexual relationship
Motivation
The result of a process, internal or external that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action
Physical needs
Lowest tier
- exercise, breathing, food/ water, sleep
Safety needs
Second tier
- security, protection , economic and job security
Social needs
Third tier
- friendship, family, belongingness
Esteem needs
Fourth tier
- status, ego, self respect and confidence
Self actualization
Final tier
- desire for personal achievement
Trust vs mistrust
Stage 1- birth to 1 year
- dependent on caregiver
- needs met= trust
- needs not met = mistrust
- strength: hope
Autonomy vs shame/ doubt
Stage 2 (1 year to 3)
- exercise some choice
No independence = self doubt and shame
Independence = confidence
Strength: will
Initiative vs guilt
Stage 3 (3 years to 5)
- initiative to do activities
Can’t initiate = guilt
Strength: purpose
Industrious vs inferiority
Stage 4 (6 years to 11)
Cognitive ability to enable task completion
No support= inferiority
Strength: competence
Stage 1-4
Determined by others
Stage 5-8
Individual choices and responsibilities
Identity vs role confusion
Stage 5 (12 years to 18)
Form ego identity/ self image
Strong sense of identity= confidence and certainty
Identity crisis= confusion
Strength: fidelity
Intimacy be isolation
Stage 6 (18 years to 35)
Undertake productive work and establish intimate relations
- Inability= social isolation
Strength: love
Generatively vs stagnation
Stage 7 (35 years to 55)
-Generatively= teaching and guiding next gen
- stagnation= avoids seeking outlets for generatively
Ego integrity vs despair
Stage 8 (55+)
Evaluation of entire life
Integrity= look back with satisfaction
Despair= look back with anger
Basic strength: wisdom
Openness
Like new experiences to narrowed interests
Concenciousness
Really cares to not care at all
Mindful to impulsive
Extraversion
Extrovert vs introvert
Outgoing vs shy
Agreeableness
Agreeable, warm vs unfriendly and cold
Neuroticism
Not a worrier vs anxious/ emotionally unstable
