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New Visions Medical > Anatomical Positions > Flashcards

Anatomical Positions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Anatomic Position

A

An erect or standing posture in which the arms are at the sides, and everything is pointing forward (palms, head, feet). The feet are slightly apart.

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2
Q

Supine

A

Body is laying facing upwards

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3
Q

Prone

A

Body is laying downwards

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4
Q

Superior

A

“upper” or “towards the head”

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5
Q

Inferior

A

“lower” or “towards the feet”

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6
Q

Anterior or Ventral

A

Front, in front of

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7
Q

Posterior or Dorsal

A

Back, in back of

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8
Q

Medial

A

Towards the middle of the body

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the middle of the body

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10
Q

Proximal

A

Towards the point of origin

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11
Q

Distal

A

Away from the point of origin

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12
Q

Superficial

A

Near the surface

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13
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

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14
Q

Saggital Plane

A

Lengthwise cutting of the body

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15
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Side-to-side cutting of the body, lengthwise to separate the front and the back

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16
Q

Transverse

A

A horizontal plane that cuts the body into upper and lower portions.

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17
Q

Right hypochondriac region

A

Upper left

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18
Q

Epigastric region

A

Upper middle

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19
Q

Left hypochondriac region

A

Upper right

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20
Q

Right lumbar region

A

Middle left

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21
Q

Umbilical region

A

Middle

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22
Q

Left Lumbar Region

A

Middle right

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23
Q

Right iliac (inguinal) region

A

Lower left

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24
Q

Hypogastric Region

A

Bottom middle

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25
Q

Left iliac region

A

Bottom right

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26
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Space inside the skull that contains the brain

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27
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

The space inside the spinal column that contains the spinal cord

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28
Q

Thoracic Cavity Parts

A

Mediastinum, Pleural Cavities

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29
Q

What does the mediastinum contain?

A

Heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, blood vessels

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30
Q

What do the plural cavities contain?

A

The lungs

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31
Q

Abdominopelvic Parts

A

Abdominal Cavity, Pelvic Cavity

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32
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

A

Liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, parts of the large intestine

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33
Q

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

A

Lower (sigmoid) colon, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organs

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34
Q

Ventral body cavities

A

Thoracic cavity (the mediastinum and pleural cavities), and the abdominopelvic cavity (abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity)

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35
Q

Dorsal Body Cavities

A

Cranial cavity and spinal cavity

36
Q

What does the cranial cavity contain?

A

The brain

37
Q

What does the spinal cavity contain?

A

The spinal cord

38
Q

The axial portion has…

A

The head, neck, and torso

39
Q

The appendicular portion has…

A

Upper and lower extremities (ie. arms and legs)

40
Q

Abdominal

A

Anterior torso below the diaphragm

41
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

42
Q

Antecubital

A

Depressed area just in front of elbow

43
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

44
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

45
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek

46
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

47
Q

Cephalic

A

Head

48
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

49
Q

Cranial

A

Skull

50
Q

Crural

A

Leg

51
Q

Cubital

A

Elbow

52
Q

Cutaneous

A

Skin or body surface

53
Q

Digital

A

Fingers or toes

54
Q

Facial

A

Face

55
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

56
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

57
Q

Oral

A

Mouth

58
Q

Orbital or Ophthalmic

A

Eyes

59
Q

Zygomatic

A

Upper cheek

60
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

61
Q

Gluteal

A

Buttock

62
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

63
Q

Lumbar

A

Lower back between ribs and pelvis

64
Q

Mammary

A

Breast

65
Q

Occipital

A

Back of lower skull

66
Q

Olecranal

A

Back of elbow

67
Q

Palmar, Volar

A

Palm of hand

68
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

69
Q

Pelvic

A

Lower portion of torso

70
Q

Perineal

A

Area between anus and genitals

71
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

72
Q

Popliteal

A

Area behind knee

73
Q

Supraclavicular

A

Area above clavicle

74
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

75
Q

Temporal

A

Side of skull

76
Q

Thoratic

A

Chest

77
Q

Umbilical

A

Area around naval or umbilicus

78
Q

Volar

A

Palm or Sole

79
Q

Flank

A

Lateral region

80
Q

Define atrophy

A

Degenerative process of the body

81
Q

Define homeostasis

A

The self-regulating process by which organisms maintain stability while adjusting to outer conditions

82
Q

Feedback loop

A

When an input produces an output, then that output becomes and input.

83
Q

Sensor

A

A part that detects the environment

84
Q

Control Center

A

Part that responds to the environment and makes changes

85
Q

Effector

A

Part that makes the change itself

86
Q

Negative Feedback Loop

A

When too much product is made the feedback loop slows down. When there is not enough product it speeds up. (a fluctuation in the amount of inputs)

87
Q

Positive Feedback Loop

A

When the output initiates a response for more input or an increase in the reaction.

New Visions Medical (7 decks)

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