Psychological Therapies

Question 1

What are the 3 most common mental health disorders?

Answer 1

Affective/anxiety disorders
Substance misuse
Disorders of reaction to stress

Question 2

What are the most common affect/anxiety disorders?

Answer 2

Major depressive disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Phobic anxiety disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Question 3

What are the guidelines used for psychological therapies?

Answer 3

NICE
SIGN
MATRIX

Question 4

What is cognitive behavioural therapy?

Answer 4

How thoughts relate to feelings/behaviour

Problem focussed with a goal orientation

Question 5

CBT works well for what?

Answer 5

Depression
Anxiety
Phobias
OCD
PTSD

Question 6

How does the therapist help the client in CBT?

Answer 6

Identify thoughts/feelings/behaviours
Assess whether thoughts are unrealistic/unhelpful
Identify what can be changed

Question 7

What are the common thinking errors addressed in CBT?

Answer 7

Automatic negative thoughts
Unrealistic beliefs 
Cognitive distortions 
Catastrophizing 
Black/white thinking 
Perfectionism

Question 8

What is the clients role in CBT?

Answer 8

“Homework” to challenge unrealistic thoughts
Graded exposure
Response prevention

Question 9

What is behavioural activation?

Answer 9

Focus on analysing avoidance to manage depression
Focus on what predicts unhelpful response
Client taught to analyse unintended consequences of their response

Question 10

What are the groups of avoidance seen in depression?

Answer 10

Social withdrawal
Cognitive avoidance
Emotional avoidance 
Avoidance by distraction 
Non-social avoidance

Question 11

What is Non-social avoidance?

Answer 11

Not taking on challenging tasks
Sitting around/staying in bed
(procrastination)

Question 12

What is cognitive avoidance?

Answer 12

Not thinking about problems

Not making decisions/taking opportunities

Question 13

What is emotional avoidance?

Answer 13

Use of substances

Question 14

What is interpersonal psychotherapy for?

Answer 14

Patient focussed treatment for Depression/anxiety

Question 15

What are the goals of interpersonal therapy?

Answer 15

Reduce depressive symptoms

Improve interpersonal functioning

Question 16

Outline interpersonal therapy

Answer 16

Give a “sick role”
Construct interpersonal map
Establish link between interpersonal events and depressive symptoms

Question 17

What are the strengths of interpersonal therapy?

Answer 17

A grade for depression
No homework
Client can continue to practice skills beyond the sessions

Question 18

What are the limitations of interpersonal therapy?

Answer 18

Requires ability to reflect

Limited by poor social networks

Question 19

How does Motivational Interviewing work?

Answer 19

Promotes behaviour change where patient is unmotivated to change
Expressing empathy
Avoiding argument
Support self efficacy

Question 20

What are the stages of change?

Answer 20

Pre-contemplation
Contemplation 
Planning
Action
Maintenance

Question 21

What is pre-contemplation?

Answer 21

Happy users/in denial

Question 22

What is contemplation?

Answer 22

Ambivalence, requires information

Question 23

What are the elements of maintenance of change?

Answer 23

Coping strategies
Weak points
Emergencies
Slip back protocols

Question 24

Outline the stages of an Alcohol Brief intervention?

Answer 24

Raise the issue
Screen and give feedback
Listen for readiness to change
Choose a suitable approach