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Understanding The Self > Psychological Self > Flashcards

Psychological Self Flashcards

1
Q

focuses on the representation of an individual based on his/her experiences.

A

Psychology of self

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2
Q

is one of the most heavily researched areas in social and personality psychology, where concepts are introduced that beyond our physical attributes, lies our psychological
identity.

A

Self

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3
Q

Self is one of the most heavily researched areas in

A

social and personality psychology

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4
Q

is a cognitive approach that focuses on the mental processes rather than observable behavior.

A

Cognitive Construction

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5
Q

this approach will assist individuals in assimilating new information to their existing knowledge and will enable to make appropriate modification to their existing intellectual framework to accommodate new information

A

Cognitive Construction

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6
Q

Cognitive Constructionis a cognitive approach that focuses on the ___________________________ rather than observable behavior

A

mental processes

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7
Q

Father of Scientific Psychology

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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8
Q

scientific methods in studying the “phenomenon of the consciousness” (Aguire, et al, 2011) , urged in further studies of the self and its role in human behavior

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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9
Q

William James’ classic distinction between ________________________________________ provides a useful scheme within which to view the many aspects of self functioning

A

the self as knower (pure ego) and the self as known (empirical self)

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10
Q

self as knower

A

pure ego

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11
Q

self as known

A

empirical self

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12
Q

“I”

A

self as knower

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13
Q

“Me”

A

self as known

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14
Q

William James suggested that “the total self of ‘Me’, being as it were duplex” is composed of

A

“partly object and partly subject.”

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15
Q

as pure ego suggested that this component of self is
consciousness itself

A

“I”

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16
Q

is one of the many things that the “I” may be conscious of

A

“Me”

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17
Q

Components of the “Me-Self”

A
  • Spiritual Self
  • Social Self
  • Material Self
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18
Q

consists of things that belong to us or that we belong to

A

Material Self

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19
Q

are some of what make up our material selves

A

Things like family, clothes, our body, and money

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20
Q

are who we are in a given social situation

A

Social Self

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21
Q

For __________________________ people change how they act depending on the social situation that they are in.

A

William James

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22
Q

believed that people had as many social selves as they
had social situations they participated in.

A

William James

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23
Q

is who we are at our core

A

Spiritual Self

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24
Q

is more concrete or permanent than the other two selves.

A

Spiritual Self

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25
Q

The spiritual self is our

A

subjective and most intimate self

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26
Q

Aspects of an individual’s spiritual self, include things like

A

his/her personality, core values, and conscience that do not typically change throughout a lifetime

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27
Q

is a personality variable that represents the way people generally feel about themselves.

A

Global Self-esteem (a.k.a. Trait selfesteem)

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28
Q

It is relatively enduring across time and situations.

A

Global Self-esteem (a.k.a. Trait selfesteem)

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29
Q

is a decision people make about their worth as a person.

A

Global Self-esteem (a.k.a. Trait selfesteem)

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30
Q

refers to temporary feelings or momentary emotional reactions to positive and negative events where we feel good or bad about ourselves during these situations or experiences.

A

State Self-esteem (a.k.a. Feelings of Self-worth)

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31
Q

is focused on how people evaluate their various abilities and attributes

A

Domain Specific Self-Esteem (a.k.a. Self-evaluations)

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32
Q

This is making distinctions or differentiation on how good or bad people are in specific physical attributes, abilities and personal characteristics.

A

Domain Specific Self-Esteem (a.k.a. Self-evaluations)

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33
Q

rocked Psychology as the biggest breakthrough in
understanding the psychological self

A

id, ego, superego functioning

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34
Q

Karen Horney

A

Feminine Psychology/ Psychoanalytic Social Theory

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35
Q

They believed that everyone experiences basic anxiety through which we experience conflict and strive to cope and employ tension reduction approaches.

A

Karen Horney

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36
Q

Karen Horney believed that a person has an:

A
  • ‘ideal self’,
  • actual self’ and the
  • ‘real self
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37
Q

Because people feel inferior, an ____________________________ —an imaginary picture of the self as the possessor of unlimited powers and superlative qualities, is developed.

A

idealized self-image

38
Q

the person one is in everyday life, is often despised because it fails to fulfill the requirement of the idealized image.

A

actual self

39
Q

which is revealed only as a person begins to shed the various techniques developed to deal with basic anxiety and to find ways of resolving conflicts.

A

real self

40
Q

is not an entity but a ‘force’ that drives growth and self-realization

A

real self

41
Q

Person-Centered Theory

A

Carl Rogers

42
Q

Carl Rogers believed that a person has

A

Real Self (a.k.a. Self-concept) and Ideal Self

43
Q

includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that are perceived in awareness (though not always accurately) by the individual

A

Real Self

44
Q

It is the part of ourselves where we feel, think, look and act involving our self-image.

A

Real Self

45
Q

revolves around goals and ambitions in life, is dynamic, the idealized image that we have developed over time.

A

Ideal Self

46
Q

A wide gap between the ideal self and real self indicates

A

incongruence and an unhealthy personality

47
Q

If the way I am (real self) is aligned with the way I want to
be (ideal self), then I will feel a sense of

A

mental wellbeing or peace of mind.

48
Q

◦If the way I am (real self) is not aligned with how I want to
be (ideal self), the incongruence, or lack of alignment, will
result in

A

mental distress or anxiety.

49
Q

argues that having a flexible sense of self in different context is more socially adaptable than force oneself to stick to one- self concept.

A

◦Kenneth Gergen

50
Q

are the capacities we carry within us from multiple relationships. These are not ‘discovered’ but ‘created’ in our relationships with other people

A

Multiple Selves

51
Q

as strongly pointed out in Traditional Psychology emphasizes that well- being comes when our personality dynamics are congruent, cohesive and consistent.

A

Unified Selves

52
Q

distinguished what he called the “true self” from the “false self” in the human personality

A

Donald W. Winnicott

53
Q

as a based on a sense of being in the experiencing body

A

true self

54
Q

as a necessary defensive organization, a survival kit, a caretaker self, the means by which a threatened person has managed to survive

A

false self

55
Q

has a sense of integrity, of connected wholeness that harks
to the early stage.

A

True Self

56
Q

is used when the person has to comply with external rules,
such as being polite or otherwise following social codes.

A

False Self

57
Q

is functional, can be compliant but without the feeling that it has betrayed its true self.

A

Healthy False Self

58
Q

fits in but through a feeling of forced compliance rather than loving adaptation

A

Unhealthy False Self

59
Q

takes an agentic view of personality, meaning that humans have the capacity to exercise control over their own lives

A

Social Cognitive Theory

60
Q

People are _______________________________________________________________________________ and that they have the power to influence their own actions to produce consequences.

A

self-regulating, proactive, self- reflective, and
self- organizing

61
Q

People are self-regulating, proactive, self- reflective, and
self- organizing and that they have the ______________________________ their own actions to produce consequences.

A

power to influence

62
Q

is known as the executive function that allows for actions

A

agent self

63
Q

The agent self is known as the _____________________ that
allows for actions.

A

executive function

64
Q

This is how we, as individuals, make choices and utilize our control in situations and actions.

A

agent self

65
Q

The agent self, resides over everything that involves

A

decision making, self-control, taking charge in
situations, and actively responding.

66
Q

According to _________________________ , the core features of human agency are:
◦ intentionality (action that is performed intentionally)
◦ forethought (setting goals, anticipation of outcomes of actions, selection of behaviors to produce desired outcomes and avoiding undesirable ones)
◦ Self-reactiveness (monitoring progress toward fulfilling choices)
◦ Self- reflectiveness (examination of own functioning, evaluation of the effect of other people’s action on them)

A

Albert Bandura

67
Q

the core features of human agency are:

A

intentionality, forethought, Self-reactiveness, Self- reflectiveness

68
Q

action that is performed intentionally

A

intentionality

69
Q

setting goals, anticipation of outcomes of actions, selection of behaviors to produce desired outcomes and avoiding
undesirable ones

A

forethought

70
Q

monitoring progress toward fulfilling choices

A

Self-reactiveness

71
Q

examination of own functioning, evaluation of the effect of other people’s action on them

A

Self- reflectiveness

72
Q

Self-Efficacy lies in the center of Bandura’s

A

Social Cognitive Theory

73
Q

It lies in the center of Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

A

Self-Efficacy

74
Q

the measure of one’s ability to complete goals

A

Self-Efficacy

75
Q

often are eager to accept challenges because they believe they can overcome them

A

People with high self-efficacy

76
Q

may avoid challenges, or believe experiences are more challenging than they actually are.

A

low self-efficacy

77
Q

False Seleves can lean towards

A

narcisstic perosnality

78
Q

False Seleves, as investigated by ________________ can lean towards

A

Heinz Kohut

79
Q

the belief that they are capable of performing actions that will produce a desired effect

A

self-efficacy

80
Q

where concepts are introduced that beyond our physical attributes, lies our psychological identity

A

social and personality psychology

81
Q

scientific methods in studying the “phenomenon of consciousness”

A

Scientific Psychology

82
Q

urged in further studies of the self and its role in human behavior

A

Wilhelm Wundt

83
Q

provides a useful scheme within which to view the many aspects of self functioning

A

William Jame’s self as knower (pure ego) and self as known (empirical self)

84
Q

the spitirual self is _______________ or _______________ than the other two selves

A

more concrete or permanent

85
Q

According to researchers ________________________________________________ Global self-esteem is a decision people make about their worth as a person

A

Crocker and Park, Crocker and Wolfe

86
Q

Global Self-esteem is also known as

A

Trai self-esteem

87
Q

State Self-esteem is also known as

A

Feelings of Self-worth

88
Q

Domain Specific Self-esteem is also known as

A

Self-evaluations

89
Q

Real Self is also known as

A

Self-concept

90
Q

it is u understood that a person is essentially connected with

A

selfhood and identity

Understanding The Self (4 decks)

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