Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Understanding The Self > Philosophical Self > Flashcards

Philosophical Self Flashcards

1
Q

WHO AM I?

A
  1. Socrates, Plato, Augustine
  2. Descartes, Locke, Hume and Kant
  3. Freud, Ryle, Churchland and Merleau-Ponty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This means that the greeting is not only an imperative of self-knowledge but is also a requirement that one has to
have self-moderation.

A

“Know thyself”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The real meaning of knowing thyself, then, is a requirement
for self-moderation, prudence, good judgment, and excellence of the soul

A

“Know thyself”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The ethics in knowing thyself is very important because such

A

will bring the person to the excellence of the soul

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Like any other loving relationships, one _______________________________________________________________________________________________ as a result of such
relationship.

A

must be able to bring about the excellence of the soul of the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

To know thyself, therefore is to

A
  • examine whether we have achieved moderation
  • have prudently chosen what is good
  • have brought about excellence of the soul
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

quote of Socrates

A

“The unexamined life is not worth living.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Living a good life means

A

is having the wisdom to distinguish what is right from wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

“Only a self-controlled man, then, will know himself and will be capable of looking to see what he actually knows and what he doesn’t know.”

A

SOCRATES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Socrates rightly pronounced that

A

“I know that I do not know.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For Socrates, it is only in the

A

recognition of one’s ignorance that a person can truly know one self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the wisest among philosophers

A

Socrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

For Plato, the psyche is composed of three
elements:

A
  • appetitive,
  • spirited,
  • and the mind.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

is the superpower that controls the affairs of the self

A

nous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

incudes one’s desire, pleasures, physical satisfactions, comforts, etc

A

Appetitive Element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the Appetitive Element incudes one’s

A

desire, pleasures, physical satisfactions, comforts, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

is part of the psyche that is excited when given challenges, or fights backs when agitated, or fights for justice when unjust practices are evident.

A

Spirited Element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hot- blooded part of the psyche

A

Spirited Element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Superior of all elements

A

Mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

he refers to this element as the nous which means the
conscious awareness of the self.

A

mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

which means the conscious awareness of the self

A

nous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

It decides, analyses, thinks ahead, proposes what is best

A

mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

rationally controls both the appetitive and spirited elements
of the psyche

A

mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

MAN’S END GOAL IS HAPPINESS

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

In his Confessions, he pronounced: “You have made us for Yourself, O Lord, and our heart is restless until it finds rest in You.”

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

He dedicated his Christian life to the pursuit of contemplative ideals. He practiced

A

extreme self-denial and self-mortification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

St. Augustine’s journey toward the understanding of the self was centered on his

A

religious convictions and beliefs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

ST. AUGUSTINE

A

Recognition of the love of God

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

FATHER OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY

A

Rene Descartes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

claimed that we cannot really rely on our senses because our sense perceptions can often deceive us.

A

Rene Descartes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

started to doubt whether the events he experiences at the moment are only products of his dreams and therefore illusions.

A

Rene Descartes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

“I think therefore I am” or “I doubt therefore I exist.”

A

“Cogito, ergo Sum.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The primary condition, therefore of the existence of the
self, at least according to Descartes, is

A

human rationality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

His proposition is that the self is comparable to an empty space where everyday experiences contribute to the pile of knowledge that is put forth on that empty space

A

John Locke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

John Locke’s proposition is that __________________________________________________ where everyday experiences contribute to the pile of knowledge that is put forth on that empty space

A

the self is comparable to an empty space

36
Q

as important requirement in order to have sense data

A

Experience

37
Q

The validity of sense perception is very

A

subjective

38
Q

claimed that there cannot be a persisting idea of the self.

A

David Hume

39
Q

David Hume claimed that

A

there cannot be a persisting idea of the self.

40
Q

are subjective, temporary, provisional, prejudicial and even skewed – and therefore cannot be persisting.

A

Impressions

41
Q

This means that for Hume, all we know about ourselves are just

A

bundles of temporary impressions

42
Q

The self is always transcendental

A

Immanuel Kant

43
Q

ideas are perceived by the self, and they are connecting the self and the world

A

Immanuel Kant

44
Q

Perception here does not belong to the world; it belongs to the self through its

A

temporal-spatial faculty

45
Q

In other words, the thing-in-itself cannot provide the idea but it is only the ______________________ of the self that makes the idea sensible.

A

spatial-temporal faculty

46
Q

Our rationality unifies and makes sense the perceptions that we have in our experiences and makes sensible ideas about ourselves and the world

A

Immanuel Kant

47
Q

Freud, refusing to take the self or subject as technical terms, regarded the self as the ___ that ordinarily constitute both the mental and physical actions.

A

“I”

48
Q

According to Freud’s concept of hysteria, the individual person may both know and not know certain things at the
same time.

A

Topographical Model

49
Q

Freud’s solution to this predicament is to divide the “I” into

A

conscious and the unconscious

50
Q

Similar to the disintegration of the self in Topographical Model, Freud’s _____________________ will also represent the self in three different agencies.

A

Structural Model

51
Q

two models of Sigmund Freud

A

Topographical Model and Structural Model

52
Q

Freud’s Structural Model will also represent the self in three different agencies:

A

is, ego, superego

53
Q

is known as the primitive or instinctive component.

A

id

54
Q

is described by Freud as that part of the id which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world. Many interpreters of Freud see the ego as the “I” and the super ego as “above I.”

A

ego

55
Q

synthesizes the morals, values and systems in society in order to function as the control outpost of the instinctive desires of the id

A

superego

56
Q

The mind is never separate from the body

A

GILBERT RYLE

57
Q

He proposed that physical actions or behaviors are dispositions of the self.

A

GILBERT RYLE

58
Q

continued that the mind will depend on how words are being told and expressed and delivered.

A

GILBERT RYLE

59
Q

brings forth neuroscience in the fore of understanding the self.

A

eliminative materialism

60
Q

promoted the position they called “eliminative materialism” which brings forth neuroscience in the fore of understanding the self

A

PAUL & PATRICIA CHURCHLAND

61
Q

wanted to predict, when people wanted to ask what is going on with themselves, they might as well go for MRI scan or CT Scan to understand the present condition of the brain and how it currently works.

A

PAUL & PATRICIA CHURCHLAND

62
Q

Phenomenology of Perception draws heavily from the contemporary research

A

Gestalt psychology and neurology.

63
Q

draws heavily from the contemporary research Gestalt psychology and neurology

A

Phenomenology of Perception

64
Q

What _______________________________ proposes is treating perception as a causal process

A

MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY

65
Q

What Merleau-Ponty proposes is treating perception as a

A

causal process

66
Q

It simply means that our perceptions are caused by the intricate experiences of the self, and processed intellectually while distinguishing truthful perceptions from illusory

A

MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY

67
Q

an ancient greeting of the highly civilized Greeks

A

know thyself

68
Q

To know thyself is first an ____________ and then a ____________________ requirement

A

imperative; requirement

69
Q

He hailed from Tagaste, Africa in 354 BC

A

St. Augustine

70
Q

the development of the self for St. Augustine is achieved through

A

self-presentation and self-realization

71
Q

In his _________________________, Descartes claimed that we cannot really rely on our senses because our sense perceptions can often deceive us

A

Meditations on First Philosophy

72
Q

British philosopher and politician

A

John Locke

73
Q

opposed to the idea that only reason is the source of knowledge of the self

A

John Locke

74
Q

Experience as important requirement in order to have sense data which, through the process of reflection and analysis, eventually becomes

A

sense perception

75
Q

Scotish philosopher and historian

A

David Hume

76
Q

Hume harshly claimed that

A

there IS no self

77
Q

is a Prussian metaphysicist who synthesized the rationalist view of Descarted and the empiricist view of Locke and Hume

A

Immanuel Kant

78
Q

Immanuel Kant calls his philosophy the

A

Transcendental Unity of Apperception

79
Q

His theory explains that being or the self is not in the body, it is outside the body and even outside the qualities of the body – meaning transcedent

A

Immanuel Kant

80
Q

a British philosopher, proposed his Positive View in his “Concept of the Mind”

A

Gilbert Ryle

81
Q

To Gilbert Ryle, the mind therefor, is nothing but a

A

disposition of the self

82
Q

sees the failure of folk psychology in explaining basic concepts such as sleep, learning, mental illness and the like

A

Eliminative metrialism

83
Q

it is not remotely impossible that folk psychology will be replaced by

A

neurobiology

84
Q

Maurice Merleau-Ponty developed a kind of phenomenological rhythm that will explain the perception of the self. The rhythm involves three dimensions

A
  • empiricist take on perception
  • idealist-intellectual alternative
  • synthesis of both positions
85
Q
A

Understanding The Self (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions