Psychological formulation

Question 1

What is it?

Answer 1

Set of explanations for criminal behaviour-used to create treatment.
Functional behaviours-serve a purpose+ fufils a need for the individual.

Question 2

When should it be used?

Answer 2

-Offender presents complex behaviour
-Unusual crime/lack of awareness
- Standard treatments failed-recidivism
-Offender not benefitting from current treatment

Question 3

Rules of formulation:

Answer 3

-Individualised
-Testable/measureable
-Diachronic : from past-present-future
-Narrative-data easy to read-makes sense+understandable
-Amplitative:analyses offendence-more detail

Question 4

Offence analysis

Answer 4

Criminogenic factors: influence someone to commit criminal behaviours
Offence parellelling:behaviour relating to the offence e.g internal motivations (feelings) and external (environment)

Question 5

Risk assessment and perspectives

Answer 5

Cognitive: thought processes
Behavioural:observing criminal behaviour + reinforces
Psychodynamic (Freud)

Question 6

Application of treatment

Answer 6

Treatment based upon perspective e.g Psychodynamic- free assosiation therapy
Behavioural- TEP
Cognitive- CBT

Question 7

Mr C-Whitehead et al (2007)

Answer 7

behavioural- exposed to violence + sexual abuse in childhood
gang members being relatives-negative role models
psychodynamic-deviant super ego-no moral compus due to upbringing involving crime.