Psychological Disorder Flashcards
also called mental illnesses or mental health
conditions.
- conditions characterized by abnormal thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors.
Psychological Disorder
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER
a) PHYSICAL
Loss of weight
Body pains
Head ache
b) EMOTIONAL
- Irritability
- feeling depressed or unhappy
- excessive fears, worries and anxieties
- strong feelings of anger
c) COGNITIVE
- persistent detachment from reality (delusions),
paranoia or hallucinations - suicidal thinking/negative thinking
- confused thinking
d) BEHAVIORAL
- Changes in eating habits
- Changes in sleep
- Social withdrawal
CAUSES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER
a) BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES
- Evolution
- Individual genes
- Brain structure and chemistry
b) PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCES
- Stress
- Trauma
- learned helplessness
- mood-related
- perception and memories
c) SOCIAL-CULTURAL INFLUENCES
- Roles
- Expectations
when disturbances in an individual’s emotional
state are so extreme that they affect his or her
thinking processes
Mood disorder
the symptoms will come and go.
Episodic
It is the Greek word for “split minds.”
- This term was introduced by Eugen Bleuler in
1911
- It was originally called dementia praecox which
is a Latin word that means “premature mental
deterioration”.
Schizophrenia
More intense and prolonged experience in
which there is an absence of happiness.
- Occurs in episodes rather than constantly.
- It lasts months, alleviates for months or years,
and then returns.
Major depressive disorder
readies the body for action, but prolonged high
levels can exhaust the body’s energies, impair
sleep, impair the immune system, and set the
stage for an episode depression.
Cortisol
it is recommended for depressed people who
did not respond to other therapies and for
those who are an immediate suicide risk
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Operate by preventing the presynaptic neuron
from absorbing serotonin, dopamine, or
norepinephrine after releasing them
Trycyclics
Similar to tricyclics but specific to the
neurotransmitter serotonin.
SSRI
Block the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO)
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
a miscellaneous group of drugs with
antidepressants effects and mild side effects.
Atypical antidepressants
formerly known as manic-depressive-disorder
Bipolar Disorder
: characterized by restless activity,
excitement, laughter, self-confidence, rambling
speech, and loss of inhibitions.
Mania
experience more severe
highs (mania) and may not have depressive
episodes.
Bipolar I Disorder
experience a less severe
high (hypomania), their diagnoses includes
depressive episodes.
- The common treatments for bipolar disorder
are lithium salts and certain anticonvulsant
drugs.
Bipolar II Disorder
Can either be acute or chronic.
- Acute condition: has a sudden onset and good
prospects for recovery.
- Chronic condition: has a gradual onset and a
long term course.
- Parts of the prefrontal cortex are very some to
mature.
Schizophrenia
BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
I. POSITIVE SYMPTOMS
- Behaviors that are present should be absent.
- Psychotic cluster and disorganized cluster.
- Two cluster of positive symptoms:
A) Psychotic cluster: includes hallucinations and
delusions
- B) Disorganized cluster: inappropriate
emotional displays, bizarre behaviors, and
thought disorders (difficulty in understanding
and using abstract concepts)
Also known as preclinical research
- Discovery of drug, development of efficient
methods in synthesis, and testing with animal
models
Basic Research
TWO TYPES OF PRECLINICAL RESEARCH:
i. In vivo: living organism itself.
ii. In vitro: isolated from their usual biological
surroundings.
