Internal Regulation Flashcards
Self-regulating process by which living
organisms can maintain internal stability while
adjusting to changing external conditions.
- Receptor, effector and control center
Homeostasis
Homeostatic process that maintains a steady
internal body temperature despite changes in
external conditions.
- Maintaining a body temperature within a tight
range (36.5-37.5)
It allows for the enzymes and immune
responses of the body to maintain proper
functionality.
Thermoregulation
All the temperature mechanisms continually attempt to bring the body temperature back to
this set point.
Set Point
Defined as the process of maintaining
homeostasis through the adaptive change of
the organism’s internal environment to meet
perceived and anticipated demands.
Allostasis
A way to maintain our body’s constant
temperature while at rest.
Basal Metabolism
Associated with this maintaining regulation as it
is the amount of energy expressed in calories
that is needed for a person to keep the body
function at rest.
Basal Metabolic Rate
Maintaining a body’s temperature is essential
for surviving.
- A body can regulate through the process of
adding internal energy use such as adding heat,
convection, conduction, radiation, and
evaporation.
Controllinf Temperature
Also known as “cold-blooded” organisms.
- Lacks the internal, physiological mechanism of
temperature regulation.
- only accomplished via choosing locations in the
environment meaning that the body
temperature matches that of the environment.
- They try to change their environment to
regulate their temperature.
Poikilothermic
Also known as “warm blooded” animals.
- They use their internal physiological
mechanisms to maintain their body
temperature.
- The process of maintaining their temperature or
regulating it is through shivering (decreasing
blood flow to the skin) and fluffing of fur to
increase insulation.
- Mostly mammals and birds
Homeothermic
Normal temperature of the human body is
37 Celsius or 98.6 Fahrenheit.
human body’s core temperature
is lower than 35 Celsius or 90 Fahrenheit
Hypothermia
also known as goosebumps also
occurs, leading to heat trapping.
Philoerection
when dehydrated cells are caused by freezing of extracellular water in the body.
frostbite
heat stroke (temperature about
105 F
Hyperthermia
Our body temperature regulation is
predominantly dependent upon this area.
Preoptic Area/Anterior Hypothalamus
The human body’s thermostat.
- Sets the body’s set point and regulates
temperature homeostasis.
HYPOTHALAMIC THERMOREGULATORY CENTER
it delivers prostaglandins and histamines and
that increase in metabolism and fever
Immune System
Cocaine, Methamphetamine, and MDMA
(ecstasy) affects the body temperature by
increasing its basal metabolism and limits the
heat loss of the body through .
vasoconstriction
Due to the increase in body’s temperature set
point. Or body’s immune system triggers an
increase in prostaglandins which leads to
increases in inflammation and temperature.
Fever
Are cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors that reduces the production of prostaglandins in the
immune system of the body.
ACETAMINOPHEN AND IBUPROFEN
Water can be conserved by
A. excreting concentrated urine
B. decreasing sweat
Most often, water regulation is accomplished by
drinking more water than we need and excreting the rest.
hormone released by posterior pituitary.
- Raises blood pressure by constricting blood
vessels called Vasal Constriction.
- Also known as an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- Enable the kidneys to reabsorb water and
excrete highly concentrated urine.
Vasopressin
Two diff. Kinds of thirst
- Osmotic thirst: results from eating salty foods.
- Hypovolemic thirst: a thirst resulting from loss
of fluid due to bleeding or sweating.
Water flows across a semi-permeable
membrane from an area of low solute
concentration to an area of high solute
concentration.
- Occurs when solutes are more concentrated on
one side of the membrane.
Osmotic Pressure
