Psychological Assessment 2 Flashcards
What is Jung’s idea of inital releif?
guilt reduction - comes from revealing something to another person
What are we breaking with clinical interviews?
Normal rules:
- it reveals intimate parts about someone that they normally wouldn’t be revealing
- we are supposed to keep certain things to ourselves, we aren’t built to know what goes on in other people’s heads
What are 2 things a clinical interviewer should follow?
- act in a way where people will tell you things
- be worthy of the information, deal with it with respect!
Unstructured assessment interviews
- Sometimes there are guides of what to talk about
- Can jump around a lot
- Following flow of conversation
Semi-structured (structured) diagnostic interviews
- built around diagnostic criteria, they ask you exactly the criteria or will rephrase things
Examples of structured diagnostic interviews
- Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID) – adults, late adolescents
- Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS) – adults and child/adolescents
- Diagnostic Assessment Research Tool (DART) – adults, late adolescents
- Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) – child/adolescent
DART:
- you can verbally ask the questions or have the patient themselves fill it out (circling yes or no)
- people endorse yes or no and then you determine if you move on
- don’t need to administer the whole thing but just a module of it related to their experience
What does “endorse” mean?
if you ask a specific closed ended question and the person says “yes”
What does “report” mean?
asking an open ended question (or someone volunteers to share info) and receive an answer from it is a report
specific module:
- bolded words
- observations
- A, S, P meanings
- bolded words: you say exactly as they are written
- observations: write down what you see the person do but don’t say it
- (A)bsent, (S)ubthreshold, (P)resent
Open Questions
- good to start with these and then move to closed one’s
- these types of questions can lead to things being left out, people can avoid saying something
- likely a sentence or more is a response to these types of questions
Example: who lives in your house?
Closed Questions
answers: yes or no
- frames the conversation quickly:
- it can give the person a thought about the context of the question
- they could think: “oh they think I should be pleased”
Example: Does your dad live with you?
What can you add to the conversation to make an intimidating/ revealing question seem more appealable to the client?
you can say “we ask this to everyone”
- we should also control our reactions and remain neutral
- thank them for their honesty
Listening response: attending behaviour
- eye contact, nodding, facial expressions
- you can overdo it, it has to seem genuine, to just show you’re paying attention
- it can help or refrain a client from speaking
Listening response: Silence
- absence of verbal activity
- use silence when appropriate to give them time to think
creates pressure to talk, allows “cooling off” reflection, gives time to consider next response
Listening response: paraphrase/reflection of content
Rephrasing content of what client just said
assures client you heard accurately and gives them a chance to hear back what they just said
Example:
C: “I grew up in Newfoundland”
P: “Oh so you grew up in Newfoundland?”
C: “I live in an apartment”
P: “okay so a small apartment?”
Listening response: Clarification
paraphrase + a closed question (ex: “do i have that right?”)
clarifies unclear client statements
Example:
C: “I grew up in St. John’s”
P: “Oh, so you grew up in St. John’s, is that right?”
Listening response: reflection of feeling
restatement of clearly stated emotion
can enhance/encourage emotional expression, facilitate sense of empathy
Example:
C: “it’s overwhelming sometimes”
P: “sounds like it can be a lot to handle”
P: “ - “so you’re in your head a lot, lot of overthinking going on, do I have that right?” (reflection of feeling + clarification)
Goal Definition Questions
open ended questions that elicit what we would want to work on
like: “if there was a change in the right direction, what would it be?”
Observation: Self Monitoring
have the person keep notes on themselves through the week
