Psychological approaches to common mental health problems Flashcards
What is the prevalence of a common mental health disorder?
Around 15%
What are common affective/anxiety disorders?
Major depressive disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder
Panic disorder and phobic anxiety disorders
OCD
What are substance misuse disorders caused by?
Tobacco Alcohol Opioids Benzos Stimulants
What is a common disorder of reaction to stress?
PTSD
What is done in cognitive behavioural therapy?
How thoughts relate to feelings and behaviour
Particularly good for depression, anxiety, phobias, OCD, PTSD
Focus on here and now
Short-term
Problem focused, goal orientated
How does the therapist help the client in cbt?
Identify thoughts and feelings and behaviours
Assess whether thoughts are unrealistic or unhelpful
Identify what can change
What thoughts may be unhelpful or unrealistic?
Automatic negative thoughts Unrealistic beliefs Cognitive distortions Catastrophizing All or nothing thinking Perfectionism
What is behavioural activation?
Focus on avoided activities to help activity scheduling
What are features of behavioural activation?
Collaborative/empathic/non judgemental
Structured agenda
Small changes to build to long term goals
What significant interpersonal event can lead to depression?
Complicated bereavement
Dispute
Role transition
Interpersonal deficit
How is interpersonal therapy done in practice?
Patient given a sick role
Construct an interpersonal map
Focus area changes weekly until reaching the goal of reducing depressing symptoms and improving interpersonal functioning
What is motivational interviewing?
Promoting behaviour change in a wide range of healthcare settings rather than just giving advice
Good where behaviour change is being considered but patient is unmotivated
What are the principles of motivational interviewing?
Express empathy
Avoid argument
Support self-efficacy
What are the stages of change?
Pre-contemplation Contemplation Planning Action Maintenance
