Psychodynamic Approach

Question 1

Main assumptions

Answer 1

emphasis of unconscious mind, structure of personality, childhood experiences

Question 2

What is the brain separated into ?

Answer 2

• conscious
• preconsocus
• unconscious

Question 3

What is the conscious ?

Answer 3

Have access to, the thoughts you are aware of

Question 4

What is the preconscious ?

Answer 4

Contains information we aren’t aware of but can easily achieve

Question 5

What is the unconscious ?

Answer 5

Information we cannot access, where thoughts and feelings are most important, still influence behaviour, can access through dreams

Question 6

What is Freud’s 3 part personality ?

Answer 6

• ID
• Ego
• Supergo

Question 7

What is the ID?

Answer 7

Pleasure principle.
Instant gratification, born with it, basic drives and impulses

Question 8

What is the Supergo?

Answer 8

Morality Principle.
Conscience/ voice of parents, helps us behave in moral way and feel guilty when done something wrong

Question 9

What is the Ego?

Answer 9

Reality Principle.
Balance conflict between id and supergo, develops defence mechanisms to protect mind from trauma

Question 10

Pleasure principle is..

Answer 10

ID

Question 11

Morality Principle is…

Answer 11

Superego

Question 12

Reality Principle is..

Answer 12

Ego

Question 13

What are defence mechanisms ?

Answer 13

Coping techniques employed by ego to help us deal with anxieties and trauma

Question 14

What are the 6 ego defence mechanisms ?

Answer 14

1). Repression
2). Denial
3). Projection
4). Displacement
5). Regression
6). Sublimation

Question 15

What is Repression ?

Answer 15

Exclusion of distressing memories and thoughts

Question 16

What is Denial ?

Answer 16

Faced with fact that too uncomfortable to accept so reject

Question 17

What is Projection ?

Answer 17

Feelings directed towards self displaced towards others

Question 18

What is Displacement ?

Answer 18

Redirect emotional reaction from rightful receipt onto another

Question 19

What is Regression ?

Answer 19

Causes temporary/ long term reversion oof ego to earlier stage of life

Question 20

What is Sublimation ?

Answer 20

Channel unwanted urges into productive outlet

Question 21

What does the psychosexual theory suggest ?

Answer 21

• early childhood experiences important in determining behaviour as adults
• 5 stage theory
• each stage has central body part energy focused on
• needs met= move onto next stage
• conflict= fixated

Question 22

What are the 5 stages of the psychosexual theory ?

Answer 22

• oral
• anal
• phallic
• latency
• genital

Question 23

Age and area of focus for oral stage

Answer 23

0-1 years. Mouth

Question 24

Age and area of focus for anal stage

Answer 24

1-3 years. Anus

Question 25

Age and area of focus in the phallic stage

Answer 25

3-6 years. Genitals- Oedipus and Electra complex

Question 26

Age and area of focus in the latency stage

Answer 26

6- puberty. No focus- sexual energy is suppresssed

Question 27

Age and area of focus in the genital stage

Answer 27

Puberty- adult. Genitals

Question 28

What is the Oedipus complex ?

Answer 28

Where little boys have hatred for father and incestious unconscious feelings for mothers. Fear of castration so repress feeelings and identify with father taking on his gender role

Question 29

What is the electra complex ?

Answer 29

Little girls have penis envy, hatred for mother, incestious unconscious feelings for father, give up desire over time for desire for a baby and identity with mother. Freud less clear on this

Question 30

Case study evidence

Answer 30

Little hans- horse, mother, penis envy, castratio, widdler

Question 31

Strengths

Answer 31

• case study support- little Hans
• real world app- psychoanalysis

Question 32

Limitations

Answer 32

• unfalsifiable- no empirical testing, difficult to test
• determinism- determined by unconscious, dismisses free will