Humanistic Approach Flashcards
what is the view on behaviours ?
humans have free will, we have an active role and choice in how we behave, looks at behaviour hollistically, behaviour should be viewed as a whole
basic assumptions
- emphasises study of whole person
- better to study person as whole rather than seperate parts
- looks at viewpoint of human as individual
- people have free will and choose how wish to act
what do Maslow and Rogers say
Individualised, subjective experience is the most important. Humans are ‘active agents’ who determine their own development. We are all unique.
what did MASLOW singularly believe?
our behaviour is driven by needs we need to fulfil. we all strive to be the best we can be- ‘SELF-ACTUALISATION’. to achieve this= must work way through HIERARCHY OF NEEDS.
stage 1 of hierarchy of needs
physiological needs.
air, water, food, drink, warmth
stage 2 of hierarchy of needs
saftey needs.
protection, security, order, law
stage 3 of hierarchy of needs
belonging and love needs.
family, affection, relationships
stage 4 of hierarchy of needs
self-esteem needs.
achievement, status, responsibility
stage 5 of hierarchy of needs
self actualisation.
personal growth, fulfilment
what is self-actualisation?
innate desire to be the best we can be, to grow and fulfil our full potential
what did Carl Rogers suggest?
individuals main goal is to self-actualise- possible if the conditions are right (environment good)
What is congruence?
Ideal self and self align
What is your ‘self’ ?
How you see yourself
What is your ‘ideal self’ ?
How you want to be
Why does an individual need to self actualise ?
Because negative emotions are less likely to occur
What did Roger’s introduce ?
Client centred therapy where they focus on the client to achieve congruence
Why would there be a gap between the ideal self and self ?
Because of issues originating in childhood like lack of uncodionational positive regard from parents
What are conditions of worth?
Where parents impose limitations/ conditions on their love for children
What are the skills a therapist would need in the therapy ?
- emphatic
- accepting
- genuine
Limitations
- lack of empirical evidence: self report, subjective, can’t test, valid?
- culture bias: America, indivualistic, western, ethnocentric
- limited application: subjective, limited evidence, not widely tested
- idealistic: 1/100 achieve self actualisation, challenging in real life, practicality ?
Strengths
- holistic- doesn’t simply behav, understand diff factors interacting
- positive approach: look at people in pos way= stop self fulfilling prophecy of neg expectations, recognises free will