Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards
What is the psychodynamic approach, what does it suggest and who made it
Psycho-analysis- talking therapy to reveal the unconscious mind.
Believe that childhood experiences shape us and were born a blank slate.
Unconscious mind supresses traumas that unknowingly drive our behaviour.
Fraud
3 personalities
ID
Ego
Super-ego
ID
Pleasure principle 😈
Born with instinct to seek pleasure
Selfish part
= addicts, alcohol, gambling
Ego
Reality principle
Mediator
Rational- control IDs demands and super-egos
Conscious mind
Can’t always get what you want
Super-ego
Morality principle 😇
Right from wrong
Conscious
Guilt
If dominant cause anxiety, OCD, anorexia etc
Evaluation of 3 personality’s
-Not scientific as no empirical evidence cause can’t see thoughts but has face validity. Can’t be falsified
-not replicable
Defence mechanisms used to protect the ego from trauma
Denial
Displacement
Repression
Denial
-Reject thoughts and feelings completely - refuse to accept reality cause too painful.
-allows u to face public w/o mental breakdown (allows us to function and cope)
-protect us from anxiety
Displacement
Redirect feelings towards a more acceptable target eg take anger out on something else like Kicking a door.
Repression
Unconscious mind represses distressing memories out of conscious mind to protect us from the trauma
Stages of psychosexual development
> Old age pensioners love Guinness
-Oral stage 0-1
-anal stage 1-3
-Phallic stage 3-5
-latency stage 6+
-genital stage pubity - adult hood
Oral stage and effects of fixation
-Pleasure from mouth
-birth-18 months
-sucking thumb, dummy, breast feeding etc
If stop breast feeding to early or late become fixated on stage = over eating, smoking, sucking thumb etc
Anal stage and effects of fixation
Pleasure through anus
2-3 years
Potty training too soon or too late = fixation
two effects of fixation-
- anally retentive. Rigid, uptight (OCD)
- anally expulsive. Disorganised, x follow rules, takes risk (sociopath)
Phallic stage and effects of fixation
Pleasure through genitals
-boys realise they have a penis and realise it’s a source of pleasure
>Oedipus complex - suppoted by little hans
- boys build resetnemnt against their dad cause jealous that they get their mums attention and see dad as rival.
-to complete stage have to see dad as role model and identity with him to realise he is the same gender instead of seeing as rival.
-Develop gender identity.
-fixation caused by no father figure or dominant mother
-Effect- envy, possessiveness, obsessive, confusion around gender
Alpha bias- potential gender differences are exaggerated- only explaining boys’’ psychosexual development.
Electra complex- same concept but for girls jealous of family cause want relationship w mum
Latency stage
6- Puberty
Free to be a child, develop peer relationships
Sexual urged sublimated into activities like sport
No stage to complete and no fixations
