Psychodynamic Flashcards
Psychodynamic theory seeks to understand…….
why we engage in irrational behaviors when rational options exist and to understand the symbolic meaning of the choice we make.
When was PsychD most popular?
the 1950’s to 1970’s, but resurged to explain the unexplainable
Who transcribed it into OT practice in the 1970’s?
Dr. Anne Mosey
In psychoanalytic theory, who is the expert?
the client!
personality development
ID: instinctual needs (unconscious)
EGO: rational thinking; mediator between ID and superego for planning, reasoning, remembering, evaluating, and decision-making process; expresses guilt or anxiety when the ID presses for gratification
SUPEREGO: moral standards; behaviors learned from interaction with caregivers
Emotional development
Shaped through experiences surrounding psychosexual stages
a. Unconscious: not readily accessible into awareness
b. Pre-conscious: can becomes conscious but requires effort ex: breakfast
c. Conscious: in active awareness and retrievable at any time
What is the function of the EGO?
A. reality testing (consensual validation, outer reality exploration
B. Structures sense of self (body image, self-esteem)
C. Controls thought processes (attention, memory, learning, and logical though, problem solving)
D. Ensures judgement
E. Implements self-control
F. Employs defense-mechanisms
G. Strives for competence/mastery
What describes a health EGO?
- strong sense of self
- realistic body image, self-esteem
- ability to suppress immediate gratification
- use of mature defenses in moderation
Name some defense mechanisms relevant to OT:
- Projection
- Acting Out
- Sublimation (restructuring of aggressive drives into constructive activity) ex: anger into artwork
- Regression: movement from mature to immature ex: bed wetting at 9
- Identification: talking on characteristics of another (abused child grows up to abuse own children)
Name some other defense mechanisms
- Reaction Formation: behavior opposite of unacceptable impulses
- Denial
- Repression
- Displacement: ex: vent frustrations on smaller more weaker subjects
- Intellectualization: repressing emotion by stating valid reasons why the traumatic experience may have occured
What are some of the defense categories?
a. Narcissitic: projection, denial, distortion
b. Immature: acting out, blocking, hypochondiasis, introjection, passive-aggressive, regression, schizoid, somatization
c. Neurotic defenses: controlling, displacement, dissociation, externalization, inhibition, intellectualization, isolation, rationalization, reaction formation, repression, sexualization
d. mature: altruism, anticipation, asceticism, humor, sublimination, suppression
according to Freud, what causes fixation in a certain psychosexual stage?
negative experiences
What is the age range for the oral stage?
birth to 1.5 years
what is the age range for the anal stage?
1.5 years to 3 years
what is the age range for the phallic stage (genitalia)?
3 years to 5 years
What is the age range for the latency stage (sexual repression)?
6 to 12 years
what is the age range for the genital stage?
12 + years
what develops with negative experiences in oral stage?
trust/dependency issues. Seek stimulation through smoking, drinking, eating, nail biting
what develops with negative experiences in anal stage?
retention: control/autonomy issues OR expulsive: messy, wasteful, destructive
what develops with negative experiences in the phallic stage?
hypersexuality, pedophilia
what develops with negative experiences in the latency stage?
social roles, guilt.. Poor peer relationships, no hobbies or interests, performance anxiety
what develops with negative experiences in the genital stage?
performance issues
when does change occurs
through performance of ego-adaptive skills
when does motivation occur?
When energy is focused on the mastery of ego skills
Psychodynamic activities should:
a. facilitate interaction and understanding among group members
b. promote increased self-awareness, sense of self, self-expression, and understand meanings
c. help to connect client’s past, present, and future
d. have clear boundaries and routines, when appropriate, to help persons feel safe and function more effectively
What is the role of the therapist in psychodynamic therapy?
Facilitator! No rescuing- groups learn from their mistakes. Encourage independence in decision making
Some things that psychodynamic can be used for in OT include:
- personality disorders
- anxiety
- maladaptive behaviors
the most ________ needs will emerge first
pressing
Red indicates
strong emotions
-love, warms and comfort
OR
-intense, angry, excitement
Brown indicates
sadness and isolation
Blue indicates
calmness or serenity
black indicates
death and mourning, unhappiness, sexuality, power/submission, formality, and sophistication
The Johari Window is used for
self-uderstanding, increasing awareness, and for personal growth. Works best in high trust environment. Developed by Jospeh Luft and Harry Ingram in 1950’s.
the goals of the Johari window is to:
make the OPEN area as large as possible
Cole’s 7 steps, all steps incorporated
- introuction
- Activity (2 phases, planning and doing)
- Evaluation
