PSYCHODYNAMIC Flashcards
Key belief
All behaviour is a result of the unconscious mind
Assumptions
- Childhood is a critical period in development
- a lot of our Beh is driven by unconscious motives
- mental disorders arise from unresolved , unconscious conflicts originating in chinos
- resolution occurs through assessing and coming to terms with repressed ideas and conflicts
What acronym to help rmeber freuds stages
Old age pensioners love Guinness
Oral stage
Birth to 1 year , pleasure centres around the moth and ingestion of food ie: chewing sucking biting are the chief sources of pleasure
Affects of oral stage
- if progress healthily = able to trust others and have enjoyment of food and drink
- if too much = as adults may be TOO DEPENDING on others, too trusting and be full of admiration for other people ( an eg of an oral receptive)
Anal stage
1-5 yrs , bowel and bladder control, pleasure centres around ants and other eluminative functions .
This excercise reduces tension by of Amal muscles giving them control over environment and no longer dependant on parent .
Libido is now focused on the ANUS as toilet training takes place
Effects of anal stage
- child learns to delay gratification until appropriate time meaning that id must wait to be satisfied
Too little = anal retentive ( stinginess, orderliness and stubbornness)
Too much = anal expulsive ( In Adult they may be messy and disorganised)
What stages was little hans affected by according to the psychodynamic approach
Phallic latency and genital stages
Phallic stage
4-6 years , genitals and pleasure .
Libido is now focused on genitals and opposite sex parent.
At this point the ego is formed but the superego hasn’t.
PHALLUS = penis
Effects of phallic stage
Issues arise if they get stuck in the Oedipus complex (boys) or the electra complex ( girls) ( conflicts w opposite sex parent)
Latency stage
7 yrs , puberty , pleasure centres around social interaction w others.
Child REPRESSES all interest in sexuality
Genital stage
Puberty to death , maturing in sexual interest. Libido is focused on GENITALS once again, but gratification is primarily focused on opp sex now and NOT the parents
Affects genital stage
Freud believed that any unresolved conflicts in childhood w parents RE EMERGE DURING ADOLESCENCE.
Eg: fixations , ie : oral obsessed are likely to be chain smokers
Tri partite personality
According to this approach our personality is now just one whole but is split into 3 parts
Features of the unconscious mind
- PRECONSCIOUS = thoughts and feelings are not currently aware but can be easily bought back into consciousness- existing j a level below consciousness
- UNCONSCIOUS= inaccessible to consciousness, but influences judgements feelings and behaviours
- EGO DEFENCES=
1. Displacement - transfer undesirable impulses from PERSON to OBJECT
2. Projection= undesirable thoughts and emotions = attributed to someone
3. Repression = pushing bad experiences /-ve emotions into unconscious
Oedipus complex
Focused sexual energy on mother . Starts to fear his father ( scared he knows his feelings about his mother and would CASTRATE him ) — during Phallic Stage
Electra complex
Girls realise they don’t have a penis , so they feel as though they’ve already been CASTRATED , start to develop penis envy . Know father has a penis so develop sexual penis towards them
ID
pleasure principle ,
Aim is to gain pleasure
- immediate satisfaction
- unconscious
- present at birth
Ego
Reality principle
Aims to work out realistic ways to manage the ID
- balances demands of the ID
- develops at approx the aim of 2 yrs
Superego
Morality principle
aims to behave perfectly
- behaves according to what is right or wrong
- develops at around the age of 4
