BEHAVIOURISM Flashcards
Key belief of Pavlov (1927)
All behaviour is learnt through association (classical conditioning)
Key belief of Skinner (1953)
Behaviour is an active process, shaped by consequences.
Ivan Pavlov (Classical Conditioning) what was his assumption and date
- 1927
- human beings and animals are BORN w REFLEXES.
- reflexes made of stimulus, example: food and a response (ie: salivation)
What was Ivan Pavlov process
- 2nd stimulus ( sound of the bell ) constantly associated with the 1st stimulus (food) and predicts arrival.
- second stimulus tends to generate same response in terms of salivation .
^^^ CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
What was BF Skinners assumptions and date of theory proposed
- proposed behaviour is shape and maintained via reinforcements
- learnt through consequences
^^^1953
Reinforcement
Increases the likelihood of a behaviour being repeated ( can be positive or negative )
+ve reinforcement
Receiving a reward when a desirable beh is being performed
-ve reinforcement
Avoiding something unpleasant to receive a positive outcome
Punishment
Decreases the likelihood of a behaviour. Finding a way to avoid punishment
What is classical conditioning
Leaving through association
Operant conditioning
Learnt through consequences, active process