PSYCHOCRIMINOLOGY Chapter 4 Flashcards
Is serious mental illness a DIRECT cause of crime?
NO.
Mental illness.
Disease of the mind.
Intellectual disability.
Limitations in cognitive capacity.
Name 2 things the courts consider when it comes to people with mental disorders.
- They are not crime prone.
- These people still have criminal responsibility.
4 categories of people most likely to contribute to crime:
- Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.
- Bipolar disorder.
- Major depressive disorder.
- Antisocial personality disorder.
When does schizophrenia generally begin?
Early in life.
What do people associate schizophrenia with?
“crazy behaviour”
Name 2 symptoms of schizophrenia.
Hallucinations; delusions.
What is the most common type of hallucinations?
Hearing voices.
5 characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganised speech
- grossly disorganised behaviour
- inappropriate affect
Delusional disorder.
Mental disorder characterised by a system of false beliefs and delusions.
It has no psychotic symptoms.
What is bipolar disorder?
Mood disorder characterised by alterations between a manic phase and a depressive phase.
What type of disorder is bipolar disorder?
Mood disorder.
2 types of bipolar disorders.
Bipolar I & Bipolar II.
Is bipolar disorder implicated in crime?
No, but it increases the likelihood of participating in reckless behaviour that may lead to crime.
What are the symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) ?
- chronic emptiness
- hopelessness
- restlessness
- fatigue
- no interest in hobbies
How long does extreme major depression symptoms last?
At least 2 weeks.
Define antisocial personality disorder.
a disorder characterised by a history of behaviours by which the rights of others are violated.
Conduct disorder.
A diagnostic label intended to identify children with habitual misbehaviour.
Name a few symptoms of PTSD.
- flashbacks
- recurrent dreams or nightmares
- intrusive memories
- dissociative symptoms
- sleep disturbances
- easily startled
- difficulty concentrating
- excessive avoidance
Name 2 dissociative disorders.
Dissociative Identity Disorder.
Dissociative Amnesia.
Dissociative identity disorder (DID).
Multiple personality disorder.
Disorder in which many personalities coexist within the same body or mind.
What do you call these different personalities?
“alters” or “alter egos”
What occurs between alters?
- Quick switching
- Amnesia
What was multiple personality disorder referred to?
“UFO of psychiatry”
Define iatrogenic.
A process where a mental or physical disorder is unintentionally developed within a person by their clinician.
List the 2 types of dissociative amnesia.
- Localised/ limited amnesia.
- Generalised amnesia.
Name the 2 main FORMS of amnesia.
- retrograde amnesia
- anterograde amnesia
What is a large reason for violence by the serious mentally ill?
They stop taking or refuse to take their medications.
What people are most likely to commit SUICIDE?
- bipolar disorder
- major depression
- schizophrenia
What is a risk assessment instrument developed by the MacArthur Research Method?
The Multiple Iterative Classification Tree (ICT).
Mental disorder most closely related to crime.
Schizophrenia.
Most common disorders reported by inmates?
Major depression and psychotic disorders.
What does the Tarasoff case address?
- Duty to warn
- Duty to protect
On who is risk assessments done?
People being released from prison/ institutions.
They have a history of violence.
On who is a threat assessment done?
On someone who has made a written or verbal threat.
A threat assessment has 3 stages.
- identify
- assess
- manage
What does threat management involve?
Intervention.
Risk and Threat assessments serve the same purpose.
To manage the risk of violence.
3 Approaches to risk assessment.
- Unstructured clinical
- Structured professional judgment
- Actuarial approach
