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Criminology 310 > PSYCHOCRIMINOLOGY Chapter 3 > Flashcards

PSYCHOCRIMINOLOGY Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a SOCIOPATH?

A

A person who continuously commits crimes and breaks the law.

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2
Q

What is the difference between a psychopath and a sociopath?

A

A psychopath may or may not participate in criminal behaviour.

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3
Q

3 Categories of the psychopath.

A
  1. Primary psychopath
  2. Secondary/ neurotic psychopath
  3. Dissocial psychopath
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4
Q

Define Primary psychopath.

A

“True psychopath”. That person who exhibits the physiological and behavioural features associated with psychopathy.

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5
Q

Define Secondary/Neurotic psychopath.

A

Displays psychopathic characteristics, but commits antisocial acts due to emotional problems or inner conflicts.

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6
Q

Define Dissocial psychopath.

A

Displays psychopathic characteristics who is antisocial because of social learning.

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7
Q

Define Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD).

A

A disorder characterised by a history of behaviours where the rights of others are violated.

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8
Q

The main difference between APD and Psychopathy.

A

APD always involves criminal behaviour whereas psychopathy does not.

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9
Q

Define Criminal Psychopath.

A

A primary psychopath who engages in antisocial or criminal behaviours.

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10
Q

Who are the most violent and persistent offenders?

A

Criminal Psychopaths.

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11
Q

Give an example of a criminal psychopath.

A

Ted Bundy; Gary Ridgway

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12
Q

Why do criminal psychopaths engage in violence?

A

Revenge; retribution; or alcohol use.

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13
Q

Who do Criminal Psychopaths target?

A

Men who are strangers.

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14
Q

Recidivism among Criminal Psychopaths are very…

A

High.

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15
Q

The 2 main characteristics of a psychopath.

A
  1. Superficial charm
  2. Average to above average intelligence
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16
Q

Name 2 other characteristics of a psychopath.

A

Verbally skilled; seem well educated.

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17
Q

What do you call a psychopath who committed a crime but got away with it?

A

“successful psychopath”

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18
Q

What do you call a psychopath that has been caught in their crimes?

A

“unsuccessful psychopath”

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19
Q

Psychopaths and mental disorders?

A

Most psychopaths DON’T display severe mental disorders.

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20
Q

Psychopaths and suicide?

A

Psychopaths rarely - if ever - commit suicide.

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21
Q

What trait is ALWAYS present within a psychopath?

A

EGOCENTRICITY.

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22
Q

Semantic Aphasia.

A

A trait found in psychopaths where the words they speak lack emotional sincerity.

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23
Q

What type of aggression do psychopaths use the most?

A

Instrumental aggression.

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24
Q

What motivates the actions of a psychopath?

A

The neurological need for excitement and thrill.

25
Q

The best known instrument for the measurement of criminal psychopathy.

A

Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R).

26
Q

What score on the PCL-R qualifies a person as a primary psychopath?

A

30+

27
Q

What score on the PCL-R qualifies a person as a “non psychopath”?

A

Below 21

28
Q

Explain the Two Factor Position of psychopathy.

A

Factor 1 - behavioural dimension representing the interpersonal and emotional aspects of a psychopath.

Factor 2 - behavioural dimension representing the socially deviant lifestyle characteristics of the psychopath.

29
Q

Explain the Three Factor Position of psychopathy.

A

Factor 3 - involves emotional shallowness, callousness, and lack of empathy.

30
Q

Explain the Four Factor Model of psychopathy.

A

Factor 4 - incorporates antisocial behaviour.

31
Q

List the core features of the Four Factor Model.

A
  1. Interpersonal
  2. Lifestyle
  3. Affective
  4. Antisocial tendencies
32
Q

Define Triarchic Psychopathy Model.

A

Model focusing on 3 dimensions:
- callous-unemotionality
- disinhibition
- boldness

33
Q

Give another word for callous-unemotional.

A

Meanness.

34
Q

Give another word for Disinhibition.

A

Externalizing proneness.

35
Q

Give another word for Boldness.

A

Fearless dominance.

36
Q

What does the dark triad of psychopathy consist of?

A
  • machiavellianism
  • narcissism
  • psychopathy
37
Q

What trait was added to the dark triad of psychopathy?
Now called DARK TETRAD.

A

Sadism.

38
Q

What feature is in ALL of the dark tetrad traits?

A

Callousness.

39
Q

What feature is only in sadism?

A

Enjoyment of cruelty.

40
Q

At what age can a person be diagnosed with sociopathy / psychopathy?

A

18 years.

41
Q

When do symptoms of psychopathy typically appear?

A

Before the age of 15.

42
Q

What is neuropsychology?

A

The branch of psychology that combines neuroscience and traditional psychology.

43
Q

Neuropsychological indicators are called…

A

Markers.

44
Q

Give an example of a marker.

A

Skin conductance.

45
Q

The human nervous system can be divided into 2 major parts.

A
  1. Central nervous system
  2. Peripheral nervous system
46
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A
  • Brain
  • Spinal cord
47
Q

What does the PNS consist of?

A
  • Somatic nervous system
  • Autonomic nervous system
48
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system consist of and explain their functions?

A
  • parasympathetic nervous system (deactivates after emergencies)
  • sympathetic nervous system (activates for emergencies)
49
Q

Where in the brain is information processed?

A

Cerebral cortex.

50
Q

Criminal psychopaths manifest an abnormal balance between the 2 brain hemispheres called…

A

Hemisphere asymmetry.

51
Q

What is EMOTIONAL PARADOX?

A

Psychopaths can talk about emotional cues but lack the ability to use them effectively in the real world.

52
Q

What is the frontal lobe associated with?

A

Executive function (higher order planning and organising).

53
Q

What will frontal lobe dysfunction in psychopaths determine?

A

Whether they are ‘successful’ or ‘unsuccessful’ psychopaths.

54
Q

What does amygdala-hippocampus dysfunction cause?

A

Problems with emotional processing.

55
Q

The most common physiological indicator of emotional arousal…

A

Skin Conductance Response (SCR) / Galvanic Skin Response (GSR).

56
Q

True or False.
Adult psychopaths are NOT responsive to treatment.

A

True.

57
Q

What do callouss-unemotional children respond better to?

A

Reward-driven interventions.

58
Q

When is the best time to apply treatment programs for people with psychopathy?

A

Early adolescents - has to do with the onset of puberty.

Criminology 310 (4 decks)

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