Psychoactive Drugs Flashcards
What are the 2 types of Cannabis
CBD (non-psychoactive <0.3% THC)
TCH (psychoactive >0.3% TCH)
What is CBD
CBD is a promising anxiolytic treatment that could advance our available treatment options for anxiety and agitation in e.g AD
What do Amphetamine and Methylphenidate affect?
- Flexibility
- Attention
- Focus
- Speed
- Creativity
- Speed
- Memory
! ‘The smart drug’
How does Amphetamine & Methylphenidate work?
They inhibit dopamine transporter, blocking the dopamine reuptake in synpatic cleft = increasing dopamine concentration
What are common risk factors of ADHD medication
- Abuse potential
- insomnia
- increased heart rate, blood pressure
- low appetite
- decreased growth
- nausea & vomiting
- low weight
What can the stimulant Modafinil be used for?
Narcolepsy
TBI (Fatigue)
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Depression
Where could methylphenidate be useful besides ADHD
AD (Apathy)
TBI (Cognitive function)
Depression (Apathy)
Give an example of 2 dissociative drugs
Nitrous Oxide, Ketamine
What does MDMA does in your brain?
Increases release of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine + inhibits reuptake of those neurotransmitter
How does nitrous oxide work?
- NMDA Receptor Inhibition
- Activation of Opioid Pathways
- Enhancement of GABAergic Inhibition
- Altered Neural Communication
How does Ketamine work?
- NMDA Receptor Antagonism (blocking)
- Enhancement of GABAergic Inhibition
- Modulation of Dopamine and Serotonin systems
- Induction of Neuroplasticity
What is Top Down Processing
Processing driven by prior knowledge, expectations, and context = Starts with higher-level cognitive processes (like expectations or context) that influence perception.
Example: Using context to interpret ambiguous stimuli, like reading a sentence where the last word is missing but can be inferred based on the context
What is Bottom-up processing?
Processing based on incoming sensory information = Begins with raw sensory data that is relayed to the brain for interpretation.
Example: Reacting to a loud noise or bright light without any prior context or expectation
What is an example for a psychedelic drug
LSD
