Non-pharmaneutical treatment of dementia

Question 1

What are examples of non-pharmaceutical treatments for dementia?

Answer 1

• person-centred care
• aromatherapy
• multi-sensory rooms
• music, dance
• massage
• animal assisted therapy

Question 2

Non-pharmaceutical treatment strategies used in dementia:

Answer 2

1. Cognitive interventions
2. Exercise
3. Social activity
4. Technology
5. Caregiver problem - solving/information/ education
6. Environmental adaptation/approaches
7. Person-centred care
8. Tailored activity programme
9. Sensory interventions, animal-assisted or music therapy

Question 3

What are main target symptoms?

Answer 3

• cognition
  -activites of daily living
• depression
• other neuropsychiatric symptoms (Agitation, Apathy, Psychosis)
• Quality of life

Question 4

Preventable risk factors or dementia:

Answer 4

Less education
Obesity
Smoking
Depression
Physical inactivity
social isolation

Question 5

Needs in dementia care:

Answer 5

Basic:
Physiological and safety needs

Psychological:
Belongingness, Love and Esteem needs

Self-fullfillment needs: Self-actualisation

Question 6

Whats a good care plalling formulation model?

Answer 6

Newcastle model

Question 7

De-Escalation strategies:

Answer 7

-Practise-based training (bespoke to needs to carers)
- Communication
- Environment-physical setting and culture
- Therapeutic lie
- Specific protocols (BANGS, VERA)
- Meeting needs

Question 8

What does BANGS stand for?

Answer 8

Breath, Accept, Not argue, Go and let go, Sorry

Question 9

What does VERA stand for?

Answer 9

Validation, emotion, reassure and activity

Question 10

Managing risk:

Answer 10

1) Dementia specific control and restraint; Forced care
2) Training and supervision
3) Organisational response
4) Creating a safe environment