Psychoactive drug intoxication and withdrawals

Question 1

Which drugs are the depressants?

Answer 1

Alcohol, Opioids, Barbiturates and Benzos, Heroin

Question 2

Which drugs are stimulants?

Answer 2

Amphetamines, Cocaine, Caffeine and Nicotine

Question 3

Which drugs are the Hallucinogens?

Answer 3

PCP, LSD, Marijuana (Cannabinoid)

Question 4

Alcohol Intoxication? Symptoms? Indicator?

Answer 4

Symptoms: Emotional lability, slurred speech, ataxia+depressant symptoms
Indicator: Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase
AST>ALT

Question 5

Alcohol Withdrawal? Symptoms? Tx:

Answer 5

Symptoms: like other depressants
Tx: Benzodiazepines

Question 6

Depressants Intoxication? Symptoms?

Answer 6

Symptoms: Downed Brain activity, speech, gait and alertness

Question 7

Depressants Withdrawal? Symptoms?

Answer 7

Symptoms: Anxiety, tremor, seizures and insomnia

Question 8

Opioids (e.g. morphine, heroin, methadone) Intoxication? Symptoms? Tx?

Answer 8

Symptoms: Pinpoint Pupils, Seizures
Tx: Naloxone

Question 9

Opioids Withdrawal? Symptoms? Tx?

Answer 9

Symptoms: Flu like symptoms and piloerection
Tx: Give a little opioid

Question 10

Barbiturates Intoxication? Symptoms?

Answer 10

Symptoms: like a drunk

Question 11

Barbiturates Withdrawal? Symptoms?

Answer 11

Symptoms: Delirium and CV collapse

Question 12

Benzodiazepines Intoxication? Symptoms?

Answer 12

Symptoms: like a drunk
Tx: Flumazenil

Question 13

Benzodiazepines Withdrawal? Symptoms?

Answer 13

Symptoms: Sleep disturbance

Question 14

Stimulants Intoxication? Symptoms?

Answer 14

Symptoms: Like Schizophrenia, mood elevation, tachycardia

Question 15

Stimulants Withdrawal? Symptoms?

Answer 15

Symptoms: Depression and headache

Question 16

Amphetamines Intoxication? Symptoms?

Answer 16

Excessive DA (excess release)
Symptoms: Like Schizophrenia, Elevated Mood, Energy and HR, Grandiosity, dilated pupils=>excess symp=>cardiac arrest

Question 17

Amphetamines Withdrawal? Symptoms?

Answer 17

Symptoms: No Pleasure and Increased apetite

Question 18

Cocaine Intoxication? Symptoms? Tx? What is not recommended?

Answer 18

Excessive DA (prevents uptake)
Pupillary Dilation and angina, sudden cardiac death

Tx: Alpha blockers (B-Blockers not recommended)

Question 19

Caffeine/Nictoine Intoxication? Symptoms?

Answer 19

Symptoms: Restlessness

Question 20

PCP (angel dust) Intoxication Symptoms?

Answer 20

Symptoms: Hyperresponsive (Belligerence) and decreased coordination (nystagmus)

Question 21

PCP (angel dust) Withdrawal Symptoms?

Answer 21

Symptoms: Depression

Question 22

LSD (Liquid) Intoxication Symptoms?

Answer 22

Symptoms: Hallucinations (depersonalization, flashblacks) and decreased coordination (perceptual distortion), Synthesia (Color hallucinations)

Question 23

Marijuana (Dronabinol) Intoxication Symptoms?

Answer 23

Increased GABA

Symptoms: Slowed Time, impaired judgment, Can’t stop eating appetite

Question 24

Marijuana (Dronabinol) Withdrawal Symptoms?

Answer 24

Symptoms: Depression and anorexia

Question 25

Heroin addicts are more likely to have?

Answer 25

Hepatitis, HIV, abscesses, bacteremia, right-heart endocarditis

Question 26

Heroin Tx? Reason for Use?

Answer 26

Methadone=>long term maintaince

Naloxone+buprenophine=>lower abuse potential

Naltrexone=>for relapse prevention

Question 27

Wernicke’s CAN and Korsakoff CAP?

Answer 27

Triad of confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia

Memory loss, confabulation, personality change

Question 28

Wernicke Korsakoff Tx?

Answer 28

IV Thiamine

Question 29

In a hospital, patient with tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, seizures who couldn’t drink for 2–4 days. Dx? Tx?

Answer 29

Dx: Delirium Tremens
Tx: benzodiazepines

Question 30

Amphetamines MOA?

Answer 30

Reuptake and releases stored catecholamines

Question 31

Cocaine MOA?

Answer 31

Reuptake

Question 32

Ephedrine MOA?

Answer 32

releases stored catecholamines