Psycho dynamic theory

Question 1

Who is the main figure of the approach?

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

What is psychic determinism?

Answer 2

claims that human behaviour is the result of childhood experiences and innate drives

Question 3

What is the preconcious?

Answer 3

Things we could be aware of if we tried or wanted to e.g memories

Question 4

What are the 5 stages of development and what is the acronym?

Answer 4

• oral
• anal
• phallic
• latent
• genital
• Old Age Pensioners Love Guinness

Question 5

What are the three parts of personality?

Answer 5

• id
• ego
• superego

Question 6

What is the id?

Answer 6

• selfish beast
• contained in the unconscious
• operates according to the ‘pleasure principle’
• comes from 2 instinctive drives, eros and thanatos

Question 7

What is the superego?

Answer 7

• ‘relentless policeman’
• opposes the id
• develops later in childhood
• internalises moral rules

Question 8

What is the ego?

Answer 8

• uses it’s cognitive abilities to balance the id and the superego

Question 9

What is free association?
what is the idea?

Answer 9

• the patient is asked to relax and say anything that comes to mind, no matter how absurd
• that the ego will be unable to keep the id in check and the unconscious thoughts can be brought to the conscious

Question 10

In dreams, what is the latent content?

Answer 10

The repressed ideas in the unconscious that appear in dreams

Question 11

In dreams, what is the manifest content?

Answer 11

How the dreams appear to the dreamer

Question 12

What are the three types of defence mechanisms?

Answer 12

• repression
• displacement
• denial

Question 13

What is the libido?

Answer 13

Life instinct that manifests itself as sexual motives

Question 14

What is thanatos?

Answer 14

Death instinct/wish which manifests itself in aggression &
destructive life instincts.

Question 15

What is fixation?

Answer 15

instead of moving on to the next psycho sexual stage, a psychosexual stage is not fully resolved; the libido becomes focused – or fixated – on the object of the previous stage,

Question 16

What are defence mechanisms?

Answer 16

Methods of protecting the ego when there is conflict between the id and the superego. We use them to protect ourselves painful, frightening or guilty feelings

Question 17

What is catharsis?

Answer 17

This is the safe release of mental energy, venting mental
pressure in a safe way, e.g., when angry doing lots of exercise
to release anger.

Question 18

What is The Hydraulic Model?

Answer 18

That emotions can get built up, leading to a build up of psychic energy. If this isn’t released it can cause mental health problems

Question 19

What is The Oedipus Complex?

Answer 19

Refers to the way gender identity occurs for boys
- awareness of the penis
- ‘sexual’ feeling for mother
- competes with father over mother’s attention
- fears the father as rival

Question 20

What is The Electra Complex?

Answer 20

Refers to the way gender identity occurs for girls
- notices she has no penis (penis envy)
- blames mother for having no penis, fears her
- attaches feelings to the father
- substitutes desire for penis for desire for baby